diff --git a/src/gc.c b/src/gc.c
index 97669e0acfe61..b54f64ffa00fd 100644
--- a/src/gc.c
+++ b/src/gc.c
@@ -371,6 +371,15 @@ static void jl_gc_run_finalizers_in_list(jl_task_t *ct, arraylist_t *list)
     JL_GC_POP();
 }
 
+static uint64_t finalizer_rngState[4];
+
+void jl_rng_split(uint64_t to[4], uint64_t from[4]);
+
+JL_DLLEXPORT void jl_gc_init_finalizer_rng_state(void)
+{
+    jl_rng_split(finalizer_rngState, jl_current_task->rngState);
+}
+
 static void run_finalizers(jl_task_t *ct)
 {
     // Racy fast path:
@@ -392,9 +401,16 @@ static void run_finalizers(jl_task_t *ct)
     }
     jl_atomic_store_relaxed(&jl_gc_have_pending_finalizers, 0);
     arraylist_new(&to_finalize, 0);
+
+    uint64_t save_rngState[4];
+    memcpy(&save_rngState[0], &ct->rngState[0], sizeof(save_rngState));
+    jl_rng_split(ct->rngState, finalizer_rngState);
+
     // This releases the finalizers lock.
     jl_gc_run_finalizers_in_list(ct, &copied_list);
     arraylist_free(&copied_list);
+
+    memcpy(&ct->rngState[0], &save_rngState[0], sizeof(save_rngState));
 }
 
 JL_DLLEXPORT void jl_gc_run_pending_finalizers(jl_task_t *ct)
diff --git a/src/task.c b/src/task.c
index 1dd4e76b8ba1c..b34ad464b4875 100644
--- a/src/task.c
+++ b/src/task.c
@@ -730,7 +730,7 @@ JL_DLLEXPORT uint64_t jl_tasklocal_genrandom(jl_task_t *task) JL_NOTSAFEPOINT
     return res;
 }
 
-void rng_split(jl_task_t *from, jl_task_t *to) JL_NOTSAFEPOINT
+void jl_rng_split(uint64_t to[4], uint64_t from[4]) JL_NOTSAFEPOINT
 {
     /* TODO: consider a less ad-hoc construction
        Ideally we could just use the output of the random stream to seed the initial
@@ -748,10 +748,10 @@ void rng_split(jl_task_t *from, jl_task_t *to) JL_NOTSAFEPOINT
        0x3688cf5d48899fa7 == hash(UInt(3))|0x01
        0x867b4bb4c42e5661 == hash(UInt(4))|0x01
     */
-    to->rngState0 = 0x02011ce34bce797f * jl_tasklocal_genrandom(from);
-    to->rngState1 = 0x5a94851fb48a6e05 * jl_tasklocal_genrandom(from);
-    to->rngState2 = 0x3688cf5d48899fa7 * jl_tasklocal_genrandom(from);
-    to->rngState3 = 0x867b4bb4c42e5661 * jl_tasklocal_genrandom(from);
+    to[0] = 0x02011ce34bce797f * jl_genrandom(from);
+    to[1] = 0x5a94851fb48a6e05 * jl_genrandom(from);
+    to[2] = 0x3688cf5d48899fa7 * jl_genrandom(from);
+    to[3] = 0x867b4bb4c42e5661 * jl_genrandom(from);
 }
 
 JL_DLLEXPORT jl_task_t *jl_new_task(jl_function_t *start, jl_value_t *completion_future, size_t ssize)
@@ -791,7 +791,7 @@ JL_DLLEXPORT jl_task_t *jl_new_task(jl_function_t *start, jl_value_t *completion
     // Inherit logger state from parent task
     t->logstate = ct->logstate;
     // Fork task-local random state from parent
-    rng_split(ct, t);
+    jl_rng_split(t->rngState, ct->rngState);
     // there is no active exception handler available on this stack yet
     t->eh = NULL;
     t->sticky = 1;
diff --git a/stdlib/Random/src/RNGs.jl b/stdlib/Random/src/RNGs.jl
index a50f633e68a9c..b16f0c5739dfd 100644
--- a/stdlib/Random/src/RNGs.jl
+++ b/stdlib/Random/src/RNGs.jl
@@ -400,6 +400,7 @@ end
 
 function __init__()
     seed!(GLOBAL_RNG)
+    ccall(:jl_gc_init_finalizer_rng_state, Cvoid, ())
 end
 
 
diff --git a/stdlib/Random/test/runtests.jl b/stdlib/Random/test/runtests.jl
index c8be4c95cdaf2..339c47229f1e8 100644
--- a/stdlib/Random/test/runtests.jl
+++ b/stdlib/Random/test/runtests.jl
@@ -976,3 +976,26 @@ end
     @test minimum(m) >= 0.094
     @test maximum(m) <= 0.106
 end
+
+# issue #42752
+# test that running finalizers that launch tasks doesn't change RNG stream
+function f42752(do_gc::Bool, cell = (()->Any[[]])())
+    a = rand()
+    if do_gc
+        finalizer(cell[1]) do _
+            @async nothing
+        end
+        cell[1] = nothing
+        GC.gc()
+    end
+    b = rand()
+    (a, b)
+end
+guardseed() do
+    for _ in 1:4
+        Random.seed!(1)
+        val = f42752(false)
+        Random.seed!(1)
+        @test f42752(true) === val
+    end
+end