diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/dispatcher/multipart/JakartaMultiPartRequest.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/dispatcher/multipart/JakartaMultiPartRequest.java
index eecec0e5b6..8f3592bc07 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/dispatcher/multipart/JakartaMultiPartRequest.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/dispatcher/multipart/JakartaMultiPartRequest.java
@@ -120,7 +120,11 @@ protected String buildErrorMessage(Throwable e, Object[] args) {
         if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
             LOG.debug("Preparing error message for key: [#0]", errorKey);
         }
-        return LocalizedTextUtil.findText(this.getClass(), errorKey, defaultLocale, e.getMessage(), args);
+        if (LocalizedTextUtil.findText(this.getClass(), errorKey, defaultLocale, null, new Object[0]) == null) {
+            return LocalizedTextUtil.findText(this.getClass(), "struts.messages.error.uploading", defaultLocale, null, new Object[] { e.getMessage() });
+        } else {
+            return LocalizedTextUtil.findText(this.getClass(), errorKey, defaultLocale, null, args);
+        }
     }
 
     protected void processUpload(HttpServletRequest request, String saveDir) throws FileUploadException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/dispatcher/multipart/JakartaStreamMultiPartRequest.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/dispatcher/multipart/JakartaStreamMultiPartRequest.java
index e22cee3bac..b23055698e 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/dispatcher/multipart/JakartaStreamMultiPartRequest.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/dispatcher/multipart/JakartaStreamMultiPartRequest.java
@@ -539,7 +539,11 @@ private String buildErrorMessage(Throwable e, Object[] args) {
         String errorKey = "struts.message.upload.error." + e.getClass().getSimpleName();
         if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
             LOG.debug("Preparing error message for key: [#0]", errorKey);
-        return LocalizedTextUtil.findText(this.getClass(), errorKey, defaultLocale, e.getMessage(), args);
+        if (LocalizedTextUtil.findText(this.getClass(), errorKey, defaultLocale, null, new Object[0]) == null) {
+            return LocalizedTextUtil.findText(this.getClass(), "struts.messages.error.uploading", defaultLocale, null, new Object[] { e.getMessage() });
+        } else {
+            return LocalizedTextUtil.findText(this.getClass(), errorKey, defaultLocale, null, args);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/dispatcher/multipart/MultiPartRequestWrapper.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/dispatcher/multipart/MultiPartRequestWrapper.java
index ddc4275194..997c224cee 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/dispatcher/multipart/MultiPartRequestWrapper.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/dispatcher/multipart/MultiPartRequestWrapper.java
@@ -108,7 +108,11 @@ protected String buildErrorMessage(Throwable e, Object[] args) {
         if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
             LOG.debug("Preparing error message for key: [#0]", errorKey);
         }
-        return LocalizedTextUtil.findText(this.getClass(), errorKey, defaultLocale, e.getMessage(), args);
+        if (LocalizedTextUtil.findText(this.getClass(), errorKey, getLocale(), null, new Object[0]) == null) {
+            return LocalizedTextUtil.findText(this.getClass(), "struts.messages.error.uploading", defaultLocale, null, new Object[] { e.getMessage() });
+        } else {
+            return LocalizedTextUtil.findText(this.getClass(), errorKey, defaultLocale, null, args);
+        }
     }
 
     /**