diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/actions/save.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/actions/save.ts
index 16f0cbc3c18462..9fcbe45946eb77 100644
--- a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/actions/save.ts
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/actions/save.ts
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ export async function saveAction({
     // export and save the matching indices to mappings.json
     createPromiseFromStreams([
       createListStream(indices),
-      createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({ client, stats, keepIndexNames }),
+      createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({ client, stats, keepIndexNames, log }),
       ...createFormatArchiveStreams(),
       createWriteStream(resolve(outputDir, 'mappings.json')),
     ] as [Readable, ...Writable[]]),
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/actions/unload.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/actions/unload.ts
index 2d4b16d7186894..e564bcbb1a703e 100644
--- a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/actions/unload.ts
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/actions/unload.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ export async function unloadAction({
     await createPromiseFromStreams([
       createReadStream(resolve(inputDir, filename)) as Readable,
       ...createParseArchiveStreams({ gzip: isGzip(filename) }),
-      createFilterRecordsStream('index'),
+      createFilterRecordsStream((record) => ['index', 'data_stream'].includes(record.type)),
       createDeleteIndexStream(client, stats, log),
     ] as [Readable, ...Writable[]]);
   }
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/docs/generate_doc_records_stream.test.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/docs/generate_doc_records_stream.test.ts
index e102ac50c3876b..386d6d4a088ce2 100644
--- a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/docs/generate_doc_records_stream.test.ts
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/docs/generate_doc_records_stream.test.ts
@@ -36,16 +36,29 @@ interface SearchResponses {
   }>;
 }
 
-function createMockClient(responses: SearchResponses) {
+function createMockClient(responses: SearchResponses, hasDataStreams = false) {
   // TODO: replace with proper mocked client
   const client: any = {
     helpers: {
       scrollSearch: jest.fn(function* ({ index }) {
+        if (hasDataStreams) {
+          index = `.ds-${index}`;
+        }
+
         while (responses[index] && responses[index].length) {
           yield responses[index].shift()!;
         }
       }),
     },
+    indices: {
+      get: jest.fn(async ({ index }) => {
+        return { [index]: { data_stream: hasDataStreams && index.substring(4) } };
+      }),
+      getDataStream: jest.fn(async ({ name }) => {
+        if (!hasDataStreams) return { data_streams: [] };
+        return { data_streams: [{ name }] };
+      }),
+    },
   };
   return client;
 }
@@ -217,6 +230,35 @@ describe('esArchiver: createGenerateDocRecordsStream()', () => {
   `);
   });
 
+  it('supports data streams', async () => {
+    const hits = [
+      { _index: '.ds-foo-datastream', _id: '0', _source: {} },
+      { _index: '.ds-foo-datastream', _id: '1', _source: {} },
+    ];
+    const responses = {
+      '.ds-foo-datastream': [{ body: { hits: { hits, total: hits.length } } }],
+    };
+    const client = createMockClient(responses, true);
+
+    const stats = createStats('test', log);
+    const progress = new Progress();
+
+    const results = await createPromiseFromStreams([
+      createListStream(['foo-datastream']),
+      createGenerateDocRecordsStream({
+        client,
+        stats,
+        progress,
+      }),
+      createMapStream((record: any) => {
+        return `${record.value.data_stream}:${record.value.id}`;
+      }),
+      createConcatStream([]),
+    ]);
+
+    expect(results).toEqual(['foo-datastream:0', 'foo-datastream:1']);
+  });
+
   describe('keepIndexNames', () => {
     it('changes .kibana* index names if keepIndexNames is not enabled', async () => {
       const hits = [{ _index: '.kibana_7.16.0_001', _id: '0', _source: {} }];
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/docs/generate_doc_records_stream.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/docs/generate_doc_records_stream.ts
index 40907bd0af2386..6e3310a7347e73 100644
--- a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/docs/generate_doc_records_stream.ts
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/docs/generate_doc_records_stream.ts
@@ -47,6 +47,10 @@ export function createGenerateDocRecordsStream({
           }
         );
 
+        const hasDatastreams =
+          (await client.indices.getDataStream({ name: index })).data_streams.length > 0;
+        const indexToDatastream = new Map();
+
         let remainingHits: number | null = null;
 
         for await (const resp of interator) {
@@ -57,7 +61,17 @@ export function createGenerateDocRecordsStream({
 
           for (const hit of resp.body.hits.hits) {
             remainingHits -= 1;
-            stats.archivedDoc(hit._index);
+
+            if (hasDatastreams && !indexToDatastream.has(hit._index)) {
+              const {
+                [hit._index]: { data_stream: dataStream },
+              } = await client.indices.get({ index: hit._index, filter_path: ['*.data_stream'] });
+              indexToDatastream.set(hit._index, dataStream);
+            }
+
+            const dataStream = indexToDatastream.get(hit._index);
+            stats.archivedDoc(dataStream || hit._index);
+
             this.push({
               type: 'doc',
               value: {
@@ -65,6 +79,7 @@ export function createGenerateDocRecordsStream({
                 // when it is loaded it can skip migration, if possible
                 index:
                   hit._index.startsWith('.kibana') && !keepIndexNames ? '.kibana_1' : hit._index,
+                data_stream: dataStream,
                 id: hit._id,
                 source: hit._source,
               },
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/docs/index_doc_records_stream.test.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/docs/index_doc_records_stream.test.ts
index 5dc9b4b7bd8ddb..c1bb94ee134989 100644
--- a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/docs/index_doc_records_stream.test.ts
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/docs/index_doc_records_stream.test.ts
@@ -243,6 +243,55 @@ describe('bulk helper onDocument param', () => {
       createIndexDocRecordsStream(client as any, stats, progress, true),
     ]);
   });
+
+  it('returns create ops for data stream documents', async () => {
+    const records = [
+      {
+        type: 'doc',
+        value: {
+          index: '.ds-foo-ds',
+          data_stream: 'foo-ds',
+          id: '0',
+          source: {
+            hello: 'world',
+          },
+        },
+      },
+      {
+        type: 'doc',
+        value: {
+          index: '.ds-foo-ds',
+          data_stream: 'foo-ds',
+          id: '1',
+          source: {
+            hello: 'world',
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    ];
+    expect.assertions(records.length);
+
+    const client = new MockClient();
+    client.helpers.bulk.mockImplementation(async ({ datasource, onDocument }) => {
+      for (const d of datasource) {
+        const op = onDocument(d);
+        expect(op).toEqual({
+          create: {
+            _index: 'foo-ds',
+            _id: expect.stringMatching(/^\d$/),
+          },
+        });
+      }
+    });
+
+    const stats = createStats('test', log);
+    const progress = new Progress();
+
+    await createPromiseFromStreams([
+      createListStream(records),
+      createIndexDocRecordsStream(client as any, stats, progress),
+    ]);
+  });
 });
 
 describe('bulk helper onDrop param', () => {
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/docs/index_doc_records_stream.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/docs/index_doc_records_stream.ts
index 749bfd08723534..40e1c1932aeeec 100644
--- a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/docs/index_doc_records_stream.ts
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/docs/index_doc_records_stream.ts
@@ -13,6 +13,11 @@ import { Stats } from '../stats';
 import { Progress } from '../progress';
 import { ES_CLIENT_HEADERS } from '../../client_headers';
 
+enum BulkOperation {
+  Create = 'create',
+  Index = 'index',
+}
+
 export function createIndexDocRecordsStream(
   client: Client,
   stats: Stats,
@@ -20,7 +25,7 @@ export function createIndexDocRecordsStream(
   useCreate: boolean = false
 ) {
   async function indexDocs(docs: any[]) {
-    const operation = useCreate === true ? 'create' : 'index';
+    const operation = useCreate === true ? BulkOperation.Create : BulkOperation.Index;
     const ops = new WeakMap<any, any>();
     const errors: string[] = [];
 
@@ -29,9 +34,11 @@ export function createIndexDocRecordsStream(
         retries: 5,
         datasource: docs.map((doc) => {
           const body = doc.source;
+          const op = doc.data_stream ? BulkOperation.Create : operation;
+          const index = doc.data_stream || doc.index;
           ops.set(body, {
-            [operation]: {
-              _index: doc.index,
+            [op]: {
+              _index: index,
               _id: doc.id,
             },
           });
@@ -56,7 +63,7 @@ export function createIndexDocRecordsStream(
     }
 
     for (const doc of docs) {
-      stats.indexedDoc(doc.index);
+      stats.indexedDoc(doc.data_stream || doc.index);
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/index.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/index.ts
index ee37591e1f2c30..8a857fb24002a7 100644
--- a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/index.ts
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/index.ts
@@ -33,3 +33,5 @@ export {
 export { readDirectory } from './directory';
 
 export { Progress } from './progress';
+
+export { getIndexTemplate } from './index_template';
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/index_template.test.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/index_template.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..b8f5330663ee15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/index_template.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the Elastic License
+ * 2.0 and the Server Side Public License, v 1; you may not use this file except
+ * in compliance with, at your election, the Elastic License 2.0 or the Server
+ * Side Public License, v 1.
+ */
+import type { Client } from '@elastic/elasticsearch';
+
+import sinon from 'sinon';
+import { getIndexTemplate } from './index_template';
+
+describe('esArchiver: index template', () => {
+  describe('getIndexTemplate', () => {
+    it('returns the index template', async () => {
+      const client = {
+        indices: {
+          getIndexTemplate: sinon.stub().resolves({
+            index_templates: [
+              {
+                index_template: {
+                  index_patterns: ['pattern-*'],
+                  template: {
+                    mappings: { properties: { foo: { type: 'keyword' } } },
+                  },
+                  priority: 500,
+                  composed_of: [],
+                  data_stream: { hidden: false },
+                },
+              },
+            ],
+          }),
+        },
+      } as unknown as Client;
+
+      const template = await getIndexTemplate(client, 'template-foo');
+
+      expect(template).toEqual({
+        name: 'template-foo',
+        index_patterns: ['pattern-*'],
+        template: {
+          mappings: { properties: { foo: { type: 'keyword' } } },
+        },
+        priority: 500,
+        data_stream: { hidden: false },
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('resolves component templates', async () => {
+      const client = {
+        indices: {
+          getIndexTemplate: sinon.stub().resolves({
+            index_templates: [
+              {
+                index_template: {
+                  index_patterns: ['pattern-*'],
+                  composed_of: ['the-settings', 'the-mappings'],
+                },
+              },
+            ],
+          }),
+        },
+        cluster: {
+          getComponentTemplate: sinon
+            .stub()
+            .onFirstCall()
+            .resolves({
+              component_templates: [
+                {
+                  component_template: {
+                    template: {
+                      aliases: { 'foo-alias': {} },
+                    },
+                  },
+                },
+              ],
+            })
+            .onSecondCall()
+            .resolves({
+              component_templates: [
+                {
+                  component_template: {
+                    template: {
+                      mappings: { properties: { foo: { type: 'keyword' } } },
+                    },
+                  },
+                },
+              ],
+            }),
+        },
+      } as unknown as Client;
+
+      const template = await getIndexTemplate(client, 'template-foo');
+
+      expect(template).toEqual({
+        name: 'template-foo',
+        index_patterns: ['pattern-*'],
+        template: {
+          aliases: { 'foo-alias': {} },
+          mappings: { properties: { foo: { type: 'keyword' } } },
+        },
+      });
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/index_template.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/index_template.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..9d67add9757dbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/index_template.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the Elastic License
+ * 2.0 and the Server Side Public License, v 1; you may not use this file except
+ * in compliance with, at your election, the Elastic License 2.0 or the Server
+ * Side Public License, v 1.
+ */
+
+import { merge } from 'lodash';
+import type { Client } from '@elastic/elasticsearch';
+
+import { ES_CLIENT_HEADERS } from '../client_headers';
+
+export const getIndexTemplate = async (client: Client, templateName: string) => {
+  const { index_templates: indexTemplates } = await client.indices.getIndexTemplate(
+    { name: templateName },
+    { headers: ES_CLIENT_HEADERS }
+  );
+  const {
+    index_template: { template, composed_of: composedOf = [], ...indexTemplate },
+  } = indexTemplates[0];
+
+  const components = await Promise.all(
+    composedOf.map(async (component) => {
+      const { component_templates: componentTemplates } = await client.cluster.getComponentTemplate(
+        { name: component }
+      );
+      return componentTemplates[0].component_template.template;
+    })
+  );
+
+  return {
+    ...indexTemplate,
+    name: templateName,
+    template: merge(template, ...components),
+  };
+};
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/__mocks__/stubs.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/__mocks__/stubs.ts
index c60c9201001743..1bfbc80f52a19f 100644
--- a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/__mocks__/stubs.ts
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/__mocks__/stubs.ts
@@ -19,7 +19,9 @@ export const createStubStats = (): StubStats =>
   ({
     createdIndex: sinon.stub(),
     createdAliases: sinon.stub(),
+    createdDataStream: sinon.stub(),
     deletedIndex: sinon.stub(),
+    deletedDataStream: sinon.stub(),
     skippedIndex: sinon.stub(),
     archivedIndex: sinon.stub(),
     getTestSummary() {
@@ -47,6 +49,11 @@ export const createStubIndexRecord = (index: string, aliases = {}) => ({
   value: { index, aliases },
 });
 
+export const createStubDataStreamRecord = (dataStream: string, template: string) => ({
+  type: 'data_stream',
+  value: { data_stream: dataStream, template: { name: template } },
+});
+
 export const createStubDocRecord = (index: string, id: number) => ({
   type: 'doc',
   value: { index, id },
@@ -140,5 +147,10 @@ export const createStubClient = (
       exists: sinon.spy(async () => {
         throw new Error('Do not use indices.exists(). React to errors instead.');
       }),
+
+      createDataStream: sinon.spy(async ({ name }) => {}),
+      deleteDataStream: sinon.spy(async ({ name }) => {}),
+      putIndexTemplate: sinon.spy(async ({ name }) => {}),
+      deleteIndexTemplate: sinon.spy(async ({ name }) => {}),
     },
   } as any);
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/create_index_stream.test.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/create_index_stream.test.ts
index 615555b405e445..15efa539217437 100644
--- a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/create_index_stream.test.ts
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/create_index_stream.test.ts
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import { createCreateIndexStream } from './create_index_stream';
 import {
   createStubStats,
   createStubIndexRecord,
+  createStubDataStreamRecord,
   createStubDocRecord,
   createStubClient,
   createStubLogger,
@@ -171,6 +172,19 @@ describe('esArchiver: createCreateIndexStream()', () => {
 
       expect(output).toEqual(nonRecordValues);
     });
+
+    it('creates data streams', async () => {
+      const client = createStubClient();
+      const stats = createStubStats();
+
+      await createPromiseFromStreams([
+        createListStream([createStubDataStreamRecord('foo-datastream', 'foo-template')]),
+        createCreateIndexStream({ client, stats, log }),
+      ]);
+
+      sinon.assert.calledOnce(client.indices.putIndexTemplate as sinon.SinonSpy);
+      sinon.assert.calledOnce(client.indices.createDataStream as sinon.SinonSpy);
+    });
   });
 
   describe('deleteKibanaIndices', () => {
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/create_index_stream.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/create_index_stream.ts
index 2ab53a2ca012c0..38f4bed755262d 100644
--- a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/create_index_stream.ts
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/create_index_stream.ts
@@ -13,15 +13,18 @@ import * as estypes from '@elastic/elasticsearch/lib/api/typesWithBodyKey';
 import type { Client } from '@elastic/elasticsearch';
 import { ToolingLog } from '@kbn/tooling-log';
 
+import { IndicesPutIndexTemplateRequest } from '@elastic/elasticsearch/lib/api/types';
 import { Stats } from '../stats';
 import { deleteKibanaIndices } from './kibana_index';
 import { deleteIndex } from './delete_index';
+import { deleteDataStream } from './delete_data_stream';
 import { ES_CLIENT_HEADERS } from '../../client_headers';
 
 interface DocRecord {
   value: estypes.IndicesIndexState & {
     index: string;
     type: string;
+    template?: IndicesPutIndexTemplateRequest;
   };
 }
 
@@ -54,6 +57,43 @@ export function createCreateIndexStream({
     stream.push(record);
   }
 
+  async function handleDataStream(record: DocRecord, attempts = 1) {
+    if (docsOnly) return;
+
+    const { data_stream: dataStream, template } = record.value as {
+      data_stream: string;
+      template: IndicesPutIndexTemplateRequest;
+    };
+
+    try {
+      await client.indices.putIndexTemplate(template, {
+        headers: ES_CLIENT_HEADERS,
+      });
+
+      await client.indices.createDataStream(
+        { name: dataStream },
+        {
+          headers: ES_CLIENT_HEADERS,
+        }
+      );
+      stats.createdDataStream(dataStream, template.name, { template });
+    } catch (err) {
+      if (err?.meta?.body?.error?.type !== 'resource_already_exists_exception' || attempts >= 3) {
+        throw err;
+      }
+
+      if (skipExisting) {
+        skipDocsFromIndices.add(dataStream);
+        stats.skippedIndex(dataStream);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      await deleteDataStream(client, dataStream, template.name);
+      stats.deletedDataStream(dataStream, template.name);
+      await handleDataStream(record, attempts + 1);
+    }
+  }
+
   async function handleIndex(record: DocRecord) {
     const { index, settings, mappings, aliases } = record.value;
     const isKibanaTaskManager = index.startsWith('.kibana_task_manager');
@@ -134,6 +174,10 @@ export function createCreateIndexStream({
             await handleIndex(record);
             break;
 
+          case 'data_stream':
+            await handleDataStream(record);
+            break;
+
           case 'doc':
             await handleDoc(this, record);
             break;
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/delete_data_stream.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/delete_data_stream.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..6aa68db4216f49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/delete_data_stream.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the Elastic License
+ * 2.0 and the Server Side Public License, v 1; you may not use this file except
+ * in compliance with, at your election, the Elastic License 2.0 or the Server
+ * Side Public License, v 1.
+ */
+
+import type { Client } from '@elastic/elasticsearch';
+
+export async function deleteDataStream(client: Client, datastream: string, template: string) {
+  await client.indices.deleteDataStream({ name: datastream });
+  await client.indices.deleteIndexTemplate({ name: template });
+}
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/delete_index_stream.test.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/delete_index_stream.test.ts
index 241d4a89445460..4917deab542d4a 100644
--- a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/delete_index_stream.test.ts
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/delete_index_stream.test.ts
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import {
   createStubStats,
   createStubClient,
   createStubIndexRecord,
+  createStubDataStreamRecord,
   createStubLogger,
 } from './__mocks__/stubs';
 
@@ -51,4 +52,25 @@ describe('esArchiver: createDeleteIndexStream()', () => {
     sinon.assert.calledOnce(client.indices.delete as sinon.SinonSpy);
     sinon.assert.notCalled(client.indices.exists as sinon.SinonSpy);
   });
+
+  it('deletes data streams', async () => {
+    const stats = createStubStats();
+    const client = createStubClient([]);
+
+    await createPromiseFromStreams([
+      createListStream([createStubDataStreamRecord('foo-datastream', 'foo-template')]),
+      createDeleteIndexStream(client, stats, log),
+    ]);
+
+    sinon.assert.calledOnce(stats.deletedDataStream as sinon.SinonSpy);
+    sinon.assert.notCalled(client.indices.create as sinon.SinonSpy);
+    sinon.assert.calledOnce(client.indices.deleteDataStream as sinon.SinonSpy);
+    sinon.assert.calledWith(client.indices.deleteDataStream as sinon.SinonSpy, {
+      name: 'foo-datastream',
+    });
+    sinon.assert.calledOnce(client.indices.deleteIndexTemplate as sinon.SinonSpy);
+    sinon.assert.calledWith(client.indices.deleteIndexTemplate as sinon.SinonSpy, {
+      name: 'foo-template',
+    });
+  });
 });
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/delete_index_stream.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/delete_index_stream.ts
index 450d575181529b..c7633465ccc4cb 100644
--- a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/delete_index_stream.ts
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/delete_index_stream.ts
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import { ToolingLog } from '@kbn/tooling-log';
 import { Stats } from '../stats';
 import { deleteIndex } from './delete_index';
 import { cleanKibanaIndices } from './kibana_index';
+import { deleteDataStream } from './delete_data_stream';
 
 export function createDeleteIndexStream(client: Client, stats: Stats, log: ToolingLog) {
   return new Transform({
@@ -20,7 +21,11 @@ export function createDeleteIndexStream(client: Client, stats: Stats, log: Tooli
     writableObjectMode: true,
     async transform(record, enc, callback) {
       try {
-        if (!record || record.type === 'index') {
+        if (!record) {
+          log.warning(`deleteIndexStream: empty index provided`);
+          return callback();
+        }
+        if (record.type === 'index') {
           const { index } = record.value;
 
           if (index.startsWith('.kibana')) {
@@ -28,6 +33,14 @@ export function createDeleteIndexStream(client: Client, stats: Stats, log: Tooli
           } else {
             await deleteIndex({ client, stats, log, index });
           }
+        } else if (record.type === 'data_stream') {
+          const {
+            data_stream: dataStream,
+            template: { name },
+          } = record.value;
+
+          await deleteDataStream(client, dataStream, name);
+          stats.deletedDataStream(dataStream, name);
         } else {
           this.push(record);
         }
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/generate_index_records_stream.test.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/generate_index_records_stream.test.ts
index fbd351cea63a98..566760b0ddf883 100644
--- a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/generate_index_records_stream.test.ts
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/generate_index_records_stream.test.ts
@@ -9,10 +9,12 @@
 import sinon from 'sinon';
 import { createListStream, createPromiseFromStreams, createConcatStream } from '@kbn/utils';
 
-import { createStubClient, createStubStats } from './__mocks__/stubs';
+import { createStubClient, createStubLogger, createStubStats } from './__mocks__/stubs';
 
 import { createGenerateIndexRecordsStream } from './generate_index_records_stream';
 
+const log = createStubLogger();
+
 describe('esArchiver: createGenerateIndexRecordsStream()', () => {
   it('consumes index names and queries for the mapping of each', async () => {
     const indices = ['index1', 'index2', 'index3', 'index4'];
@@ -21,7 +23,7 @@ describe('esArchiver: createGenerateIndexRecordsStream()', () => {
 
     await createPromiseFromStreams([
       createListStream(indices),
-      createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({ client, stats }),
+      createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({ client, stats, log }),
     ]);
 
     expect(stats.getTestSummary()).toEqual({
@@ -40,7 +42,7 @@ describe('esArchiver: createGenerateIndexRecordsStream()', () => {
 
     await createPromiseFromStreams([
       createListStream(['index1']),
-      createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({ client, stats }),
+      createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({ client, stats, log }),
     ]);
 
     const params = (client.indices.get as sinon.SinonSpy).args[0][0];
@@ -58,7 +60,7 @@ describe('esArchiver: createGenerateIndexRecordsStream()', () => {
 
     const indexRecords = await createPromiseFromStreams<any[]>([
       createListStream(['index1', 'index2', 'index3']),
-      createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({ client, stats }),
+      createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({ client, stats, log }),
       createConcatStream([]),
     ]);
 
@@ -83,7 +85,7 @@ describe('esArchiver: createGenerateIndexRecordsStream()', () => {
 
     const indexRecords = await createPromiseFromStreams([
       createListStream(['index1']),
-      createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({ client, stats }),
+      createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({ client, stats, log }),
       createConcatStream([]),
     ]);
 
@@ -107,7 +109,7 @@ describe('esArchiver: createGenerateIndexRecordsStream()', () => {
 
       const indexRecords = await createPromiseFromStreams([
         createListStream(['.kibana_7.16.0_001']),
-        createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({ client, stats }),
+        createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({ client, stats, log }),
         createConcatStream([]),
       ]);
 
@@ -122,7 +124,7 @@ describe('esArchiver: createGenerateIndexRecordsStream()', () => {
 
       const indexRecords = await createPromiseFromStreams([
         createListStream(['.foo']),
-        createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({ client, stats }),
+        createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({ client, stats, log }),
         createConcatStream([]),
       ]);
 
@@ -137,7 +139,7 @@ describe('esArchiver: createGenerateIndexRecordsStream()', () => {
 
       const indexRecords = await createPromiseFromStreams([
         createListStream(['.kibana_7.16.0_001']),
-        createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({ client, stats, keepIndexNames: true }),
+        createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({ client, stats, log, keepIndexNames: true }),
         createConcatStream([]),
       ]);
 
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/generate_index_records_stream.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/generate_index_records_stream.ts
index e3efaa28516093..de32e93e273989 100644
--- a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/generate_index_records_stream.ts
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/indices/generate_index_records_stream.ts
@@ -8,18 +8,28 @@
 
 import type { Client } from '@elastic/elasticsearch';
 import { Transform } from 'stream';
+import { ToolingLog } from '@kbn/tooling-log';
 import { Stats } from '../stats';
 import { ES_CLIENT_HEADERS } from '../../client_headers';
+import { getIndexTemplate } from '..';
+
+const headers = {
+  headers: ES_CLIENT_HEADERS,
+};
 
 export function createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({
   client,
   stats,
   keepIndexNames,
+  log,
 }: {
   client: Client;
   stats: Stats;
   keepIndexNames?: boolean;
+  log: ToolingLog;
 }) {
+  const seenDatastreams = new Set();
+
   return new Transform({
     writableObjectMode: true,
     readableObjectMode: true,
@@ -32,6 +42,7 @@ export function createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({
               filter_path: [
                 '*.settings',
                 '*.mappings',
+                '*.data_stream',
                 // remove settings that aren't really settings
                 '-*.settings.index.creation_date',
                 '-*.settings.index.uuid',
@@ -44,37 +55,58 @@ export function createGenerateIndexRecordsStream({
               ],
             },
             {
-              headers: ES_CLIENT_HEADERS,
+              ...headers,
               meta: true,
             }
           )
         ).body;
 
-        for (const [index, { settings, mappings }] of Object.entries(resp)) {
-          const {
-            body: {
-              [index]: { aliases },
-            },
-          } = await client.indices.getAlias(
-            { index },
-            {
-              headers: ES_CLIENT_HEADERS,
-              meta: true,
+        for (const [index, { data_stream: dataStream, settings, mappings }] of Object.entries(
+          resp
+        )) {
+          if (dataStream) {
+            log.info(`${index} will be saved as data_stream ${dataStream}`);
+
+            if (seenDatastreams.has(dataStream)) {
+              log.info(`${dataStream} is already archived`);
+              continue;
             }
-          );
 
-          stats.archivedIndex(index, { settings, mappings });
-          this.push({
-            type: 'index',
-            value: {
-              // if keepIndexNames is false, rewrite the .kibana_* index to .kibana_1 so that
-              // when it is loaded it can skip migration, if possible
-              index: index.startsWith('.kibana') && !keepIndexNames ? '.kibana_1' : index,
-              settings,
-              mappings,
-              aliases,
-            },
-          });
+            const { data_streams: dataStreams } = await client.indices.getDataStream(
+              { name: dataStream },
+              headers
+            );
+            const template = await getIndexTemplate(client, dataStreams[0].template);
+
+            seenDatastreams.add(dataStream);
+            stats.archivedIndex(dataStream, { template });
+            this.push({
+              type: 'data_stream',
+              value: {
+                data_stream: dataStream,
+                template,
+              },
+            });
+          } else {
+            const {
+              body: {
+                [index]: { aliases },
+              },
+            } = await client.indices.getAlias({ index }, { ...headers, meta: true });
+
+            stats.archivedIndex(index, { settings, mappings });
+            this.push({
+              type: 'index',
+              value: {
+                // if keepIndexNames is false, rewrite the .kibana_* index to .kibana_1 so that
+                // when it is loaded it can skip migration, if possible
+                index: index.startsWith('.kibana') && !keepIndexNames ? '.kibana_1' : index,
+                settings,
+                mappings,
+                aliases,
+              },
+            });
+          }
         }
 
         callback();
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/records/filter_records_stream.test.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/records/filter_records_stream.test.ts
index 506507ba0b9e6d..901664988d165d 100644
--- a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/records/filter_records_stream.test.ts
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/records/filter_records_stream.test.ts
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ describe('esArchiver: createFilterRecordsStream()', () => {
         },
         chance.bool(),
       ]),
-      createFilterRecordsStream('type'),
+      createFilterRecordsStream((record) => record.type === 'type'),
       createConcatStream([]),
     ]);
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ describe('esArchiver: createFilterRecordsStream()', () => {
         { type: chance.word({ length: 10 }), value: {} },
         { type: chance.word({ length: 10 }), value: {} },
       ]),
-      createFilterRecordsStream(type1),
+      createFilterRecordsStream((record) => record.type === type1),
       createConcatStream([]),
     ]);
 
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/records/filter_records_stream.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/records/filter_records_stream.ts
index 69ab06454f93b4..9ded38a6f2b58b 100644
--- a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/records/filter_records_stream.ts
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/records/filter_records_stream.ts
@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@
 
 import { Transform } from 'stream';
 
-export function createFilterRecordsStream(type: string) {
+export function createFilterRecordsStream(fn: (record: any) => boolean) {
   return new Transform({
     writableObjectMode: true,
     readableObjectMode: true,
 
     transform(record, enc, callback) {
-      if (record && record.type === type) {
+      if (record && fn(record)) {
         callback(undefined, record);
       } else {
         callback();
diff --git a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/stats.ts b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/stats.ts
index 9ff16d57b8661c..1b533a18acadef 100644
--- a/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/stats.ts
+++ b/packages/kbn-es-archiver/src/lib/stats.ts
@@ -83,6 +83,15 @@ export function createStats(name: string, log: ToolingLog) {
       info('Deleted existing index %j', index);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Record that a data stream was deleted
+     * @param index
+     */
+    public deletedDataStream(stream: string, template: string) {
+      getOrCreate(stream).deleted = true;
+      info('Deleted existing data stream %j with index template %j', stream, template);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Record that an index was created
      * @param index
@@ -95,6 +104,18 @@ export function createStats(name: string, log: ToolingLog) {
       });
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Record that a data stream was created
+     * @param index
+     */
+    public createdDataStream(stream: string, template: string, metadata: Record<string, any> = {}) {
+      getOrCreate(stream).created = true;
+      info('Created data stream %j with index template %j', stream, template);
+      Object.keys(metadata).forEach((key) => {
+        debug('%j %s %j', stream, key, metadata[key]);
+      });
+    }
+
     /**
      * Record that an index was written to the archives
      * @param index