365ds-python-programmer-bootcamp.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "id": "3ab4c3b7-e603-4d15-8789-e23953c7ef75",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import time\n",
    "# start_time = time.time_ns()\n",
    "# end_time = time.time_ns()\n",
    "# print('Duration: {}'.format(end_time - start_time))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "2647e743-0875-4fdb-9a8e-4fd053d97612",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# dicts"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "bf3ad99d-e24d-42ba-89ea-e3021c677875",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## in"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "id": "e9b8ba4b-6ac3-48e6-9028-e172f834c3b5",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdin",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Country?  italy\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "capitals = {'France':'Paris','Spain':'Madrid','United Kingdom':'London',\n",
    "           'India':'New Delhi','United States':'Washington DC','Italy':'Rome',\n",
    "           'Denmark':'Copenhagen','Germany':'Berlin','Greece':'Athens',\n",
    "           'Bulgaria':'Sofia','Ireland':'Dublin','Mexico':'Mexico City'\n",
    "           }\n",
    "country = input('Country? ')\n",
    "country = country.title()\n",
    "if input in capitals:\n",
    "    print(capitals[input])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "23e532bd-87ab-4fd6-a9db-648ff3571b77",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## zip"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "id": "3afc5ac7-54d6-4a5e-b3b7-d4e3e0b662ed",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'Python DS': {'open': 12.87, 'high': 13.23, 'low': 11.42, 'close': 13.1}, 'PythonSoft': {'open': 23.54, 'high': 25.76, 'low': 21.87, 'close': 22.33}, 'Pythazon': {'open': 98.99, 'high': 102.34, 'low': 97.21, 'close': 100.065}, 'Pybook': {'open': 203.63, 'high': 207.54, 'low': 202.43, 'close': 205.24}}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "companies = ['Python DS', 'PythonSoft', 'Pythazon', 'Pybook']\n",
    "when = ['open', 'high', 'low', 'close']\n",
    "prices = [[12.87, 13.23, 11.42, 13.10],[23.54,25.76,21.87,22.33],[98.99,102.34,97.21,100.065],[203.63,207.54,202.43,205.24]]\n",
    "stocks = {}\n",
    "for i in range(len(companies)):\n",
    "    stocks[companies[i]] = dict(zip(when,prices[i]))\n",
    "print(stocks)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "02b286f1-a4f5-49ba-8924-dedb7465e67a",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### plt"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "id": "19df07d8-697c-46a0-9de7-54cf19e6ed98",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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8/PzslAYAABopWzMjvr6+6tu3rzIzMyvbysvLlZmZqcjIyGrrd+vWTZ999plyc3Mrl1/96leKiopSbm4uh18AAIC9mRFJSkhIUFxcnPr166eIiAgtW7ZMxcXFio+PlySNGzdOwcHBSk5Olr+/v3r27Fmlf+vWrSWpWjsAALg62Q4jsbGxOn78uObNmyeXy6XevXsrIyOj8qTWQ4cOycuLG7sCAAD32A4jkjR16lRNnTq1xtecTudF+65bt86TTQIAgCaKKQwAAGCURzMjwOUUOnOLR/3yFg6v50oAAA2BmREAAGAUMyMA6ozZKwB1wcwIAAAwijACAACMIowAAACjCCMAAMAowggAADCKMAIAAIwijAAAAKMIIwAAwCjCCAAAMIo7sAIArlrcPfjKwMwIAAAwijACAACMIowAAACjCCMAAMAowggAADCKMAIAAIwijAAAAKO4zwgANBDuYQG4h5kRAABgFGEEAAAYRRgBAABGEUYAAIBRhBEAAGAUYQQAABhFGAEAAEYRRgAAgFGEEQAAYBRhBAAAGEUYAQAARhFGAACAUYQRAABgFGEEAAAYRRgBAABGEUYAAIBRhBEAAGAUYQQAABhFGAEAAEYRRgAAgFE+pgsAYFbozC22++QtHN4AlQC4WhFGAOAq4EnolAieuDw4TAMAAIwijAAAAKM4TAMAVzAOr+BqwMwIAAAwijACAACMIowAAACjCCMAAMAowggAADCKMAIAAIwijAAAAKMIIwAAwCjCCAAAMIowAgAAjCKMAAAAowgjAADAKMIIAAAwyqMwkpKSotDQUPn7+6t///7Kycmpdd1Vq1bptttu07XXXqtrr71W0dHRF10fAABcXXzsdkhPT1dCQoJSU1PVv39/LVu2TDExMdqzZ4/atWtXbX2n06l77rlHAwYMkL+/vxYtWqQ77rhD//d//6fg4OB62QnUPx5bDgC4XGzPjCxdulSTJk1SfHy8evToodTUVDVv3lxpaWk1rr9+/Xo9+OCD6t27t7p166bVq1ervLxcmZmZdS4eAAA0frbCSGlpqXbs2KHo6OgfBvDyUnR0tLKzs90a4+zZs/ruu+903XXX1bpOSUmJioqKqiwAAKBpsnWY5sSJEyorK1NgYGCV9sDAQO3evdutMR599FG1b9++SqD5seTkZD3++ON2SgMuCw5fAUD9s33OSF0sXLhQGzdulNPplL+/f63rJSYmKiEhofLroqIihYSEXI4SmwT+YAIAGhNbYaRNmzby9vZWQUFBlfaCggIFBQVdtO/TTz+thQsX6r333lOvXr0uuq6fn5/8/PzslAYAABopW+eM+Pr6qm/fvlVOPq04GTUyMrLWfk899ZTmz5+vjIwM9evXz/NqAQBAk2P7ME1CQoLi4uLUr18/RUREaNmyZSouLlZ8fLwkady4cQoODlZycrIkadGiRZo3b542bNig0NBQuVwuSVJAQIACAgLqcVcAAEBjZDuMxMbG6vjx45o3b55cLpd69+6tjIyMypNaDx06JC+vHyZcVq5cqdLSUv3nf/5nlXGSkpL02GOP1a16AADQ6Hl0AuvUqVM1derUGl9zOp1Vvs7Ly/NkEwAA4CrBs2kAAIBRhBEAAGAUYQQAABhFGAEAAEYRRgAAgFGEEQAAYBRhBAAAGEUYAQAARhFGAACAUYQRAABgFGEEAAAY5dGzaZqS0JlbPOqXt3B4PVcCAMDViZkRAABgFGEEAAAYRRgBAABGEUYAAIBRhBEAAGAUYQQAABhFGAEAAEYRRgAAgFGEEQAAYNRVfwdWwATu/AsAP2BmBAAAGEUYAQAARhFGAACAUYQRAABgFGEEAAAYRRgBAABGEUYAAIBRhBEAAGAUYQQAABhFGAEAAEYRRgAAgFGEEQAAYBRhBAAAGEUYAQAARhFGAACAUYQRAABgFGEEAAAYRRgBAABGEUYAAIBRhBEAAGAUYQQAABhFGAEAAEYRRgAAgFGEEQAAYBRhBAAAGEUYAQAARhFGAACAUYQRAABgFGEEAAAYRRgBAABGEUYAAIBRhBEAAGAUYQQAABhFGAEAAEYRRgAAgFGEEQAAYBRhBAAAGOXjSaeUlBQtXrxYLpdL4eHhevbZZxUREVHr+i+//LLmzp2rvLw8denSRYsWLdKdd97pcdEAAFwpQmdu8ahf3sLh9VxJ42V7ZiQ9PV0JCQlKSkrSzp07FR4erpiYGB07dqzG9bOysnTPPfdo4sSJ+uSTTzR69GiNHj1an3/+eZ2LBwAAjZ/tMLJ06VJNmjRJ8fHx6tGjh1JTU9W8eXOlpaXVuP6f/vQnDR06VI888oi6d++u+fPn65ZbbtHy5cvrXDwAAGj8bB2mKS0t1Y4dO5SYmFjZ5uXlpejoaGVnZ9fYJzs7WwkJCVXaYmJitGnTplq3U1JSopKSksqvCwsLJUlFRUV2ynVLeclZj/r9uJb6GIdaqKWx1NLU9odaqIVa6v/v64XjWpZ18RUtGw4fPmxJsrKysqq0P/LII1ZERESNfZo1a2Zt2LChSltKSorVrl27WreTlJRkSWJhYWFhYWFpAkt+fv5F84VHJ7A2tMTExCqzKeXl5Tp58qSuv/56ORyOy1JDUVGRQkJClJ+fr5YtWxodh1qo5WqupantD7VQS2OuxS7LsnT69Gm1b9/+ouvZCiNt2rSRt7e3CgoKqrQXFBQoKCioxj5BQUG21pckPz8/+fn5VWlr3bq1nVLrTcuWLevlB1cf41ALtVzNtTS1/aEWamnMtdjRqlWrS65j6wRWX19f9e3bV5mZmZVt5eXlyszMVGRkZI19IiMjq6wvSe+++26t6wMAgKuL7cM0CQkJiouLU79+/RQREaFly5apuLhY8fHxkqRx48YpODhYycnJkqTp06dr4MCBWrJkiYYPH66NGzfq448/1vPPP1+/ewIAABol22EkNjZWx48f17x58+RyudS7d29lZGQoMDBQknTo0CF5ef0w4TJgwABt2LBBc+bM0axZs9SlSxdt2rRJPXv2rL+9aAB+fn5KSkqqdrjIxDjUQi1Xcy1NbX+ohVoacy0NxWFZl7reBgAAoOHwbBoAAGAUYQQAABhFGAEAAEYRRgAAgFGEkVpkZ2fL29tbw4fbf8Tz+PHj5XA4Kpfrr79eQ4cO1aeffmp7LJfLpWnTpunGG2+Un5+fQkJCNHLkyGr3bnGnlmbNmikwMFBDhgxRWlqaysvLPd6nimXo0KG29qe2cfbv3+/2GC6XS9OnT1dYWJj8/f0VGBioW2+9VStXrtTZs+49l2H8+PEaPXp0tXan0ymHw6FvvvnG7XouNp5ddRmnpr6vvPKK/P39tWTJkstWg8Ph0AMPPFDttSlTpsjhcGj8+PG2xlq4cGGV9k2bNtm6E3N+fr4mTJig9u3by9fXV506ddL06dP19ddfuz3GhfU4HA75+voqLCxMTzzxhM6fP29rnLr68Xu6c+fOmjFjhs6dO2drnOPHj2vy5Mnq2LGj/Pz8FBQUpJiYGH300Udu9a/pfXzh8thjj7k1zqBBg/TQQw9Va1+3bp3bN7scOXJkrZ9F27Ztk8PhqPXzNzU1VS1atKjyczxz5oyaNWumQYMGVVm34vPhiy++qLWWsrIyDRgwQHfffXeV9sLCQoWEhGj27NmX3B/LshQdHa2YmJhqr61YsUKtW7fWV199dclxKuqtbYmKirrkGJcLYaQWa9as0bRp0/TBBx/oyJEjtvsPHTpUR48e1dGjR5WZmSkfHx+NGDHC1hh5eXnq27ev/v73v2vx4sX67LPPlJGRoaioKE2ZMsV2LXl5eXrrrbcUFRWl6dOna8SIEbY+SC/cp4rlpZdesrVPtY3TuXNnt/oeOHBAffr00TvvvKMFCxbok08+UXZ2tmbMmKHNmzfrvffes11PU7V69WqNHTtWK1eu1O9///vLtt2QkBBt3LhR3377bWXbuXPntGHDBnXs2NHWWP7+/lq0aJFOnTrlUS0HDhxQv379tG/fPr300kvav3+/UlNTK2/UePLkSVvjVfzu7tu3T7///e/12GOPafHixW73r69gVFHHgQMH9Mwzz+i5555TUlKSrTHGjBmjTz75RC+88IL27t2rN954Q4MGDXK7lgvfv8uWLVPLli2rtP3hD3+wVU9dTJw4Ue+++26Nf6DXrl2rfv36qVevXjX2jYqK0pkzZ/Txxx9Xtm3btk1BQUHavn17lZC3detWdezYUTfddFOttXh7e2vdunXKyMjQ+vXrK9unTZum6667zq2fk8Ph0Nq1a7V9+3Y999xzle0HDx7UjBkz9Oyzz6pDhw6XHGfAgAHVPmuPHj2q5557Tg6HQw8++OAlx7hs3Hg+3lXn9OnTVkBAgLV7924rNjbWevLJJ231j4uLs0aNGlWlbdu2bZYk69ixY26PM2zYMCs4ONg6c+ZMtddOnTrlcS2WZVmZmZmWJGvVqlV1Gseuuo4TExNjdejQocbviWVZVnl5eZ3q2Lp1qyXJ7e/vpcazqy7jXNh30aJFlr+/v/Xaa68ZqaFnz57Wiy++WNm+fv16q1evXtaoUaOsuLg4t8caMWKE1a1bN+uRRx6pbH/99dctdz+6hg4danXo0ME6e/ZslfajR49azZs3tx544AG3xqmo58fflyFDhlg///nP3er/xRdfWO3atbN+8YtfWE6n0/ryyy+tN9980/qP//gPq0uXLtbXX3/tcR1333231adPH7f6W9b3nx+SLKfT6Xafi1m7dq3VqlUrj/oOHDjQmj59ep3G/O6776zAwEBr/vz5VdorPstXrlx50f433HCDlZycXPn1jBkzrClTpljdu3e3tm7dWtl+++23u/37+6c//cm69tprrSNHjlibNm2ymjVrZuXm5rrVt8K6deusgIAA68CBA1Z5ebkVFRVl3XXXXbbG+LF///vfVosWLazZs2fXaZz6xsxIDf72t7+pW7du6tq1q+677z6lpaVd+vHHF3HmzBm9+OKLCgsL0/XXX+9Wn5MnTyojI0NTpkzRT37yk2qv1/VZPYMHD1Z4eLhee+21Oo1zOX399dd65513av2eSLpsD1K8kj366KOaP3++Nm/erLvuustIDRMmTNDatWsrv05LS6u8S7Md3t7eWrBggZ599lm3pqUvdPLkSb399tt68MEHdc0111R5LSgoSGPHjlV6enqd3tvXXHONSktL3Vp3ypQp8vX11TvvvKOBAweqY8eOGjZsmN577z0dPnzYren7mnz++efKysqSr6+v230CAgIUEBCgTZs2qaSkxKPtXkl8fHw0btw4rVu3rsrP8+WXX1ZZWZnuueeei/aPiorS1q1bK7/eunWrBg0apIEDB1a2f/vtt9q+fbvbhzamTZum8PBw3X///frtb3+refPmKTw83NZ+xcXF6Ze//KUmTJig5cuX6/PPP68yU2LXN998o1GjRmnQoEGaP3++x+M0BMJIDdasWaP77rtP0vfToYWFhXr//fdtjbF58+bKN3yLFi30xhtvKD09vcrdaS9m//79sixL3bp1s12/u7p166a8vDy3179wnyqWBQsW2N7uj8f59a9/7Va/iu9J165dq7S3adOmcqxHH33U4zoCAgI0bNgwW/typXnrrbf01FNP6X/+53/0y1/+0lgd9913nz788EN9+eWX+vLLL/XRRx9Vvqfsuuuuu9S7d2/bhyH27dsny7LUvXv3Gl/v3r27Tp06pePHj9uuybIsvffee3r77bc1ePDgS65f38Go4nfX399fN998s44dO6ZHHnnE7fp9fHy0bt06vfDCC2rdurVuvfVWzZo1y6Pz2q4UEyZM0BdffFHls3rt2rUaM2bMJR/UFhUVpY8++kjnz5/X6dOn9cknn2jgwIG6/fbb5XQ6JX1/HmFJSYnbYcThcGjlypXKzMxUYGCgZs6c6dF+Pf/88/r888/10EMP6fnnn1fbtm09Gqe8vFz33nuvfHx8tH79+ivuHzfbt4Nv6vbs2aOcnBy9/vrrkr5/08bGxmrNmjXVTma6mKioKK1cuVKSdOrUKa1YsULDhg1TTk6OOnXqdMn+dflvzV2WZdn6hbxwnypcd911trf743Fqm+VwV05OjsrLyzV27Fhb/+XVtD/bt2/3+I/mlaBXr146ceKEkpKSFBERoYCAACN1tG3bVsOHD6/8T3X48OFq06aNx+MtWrRIgwcP9ug8hPp8L1WEgO+++67yw92dEzXtBKN27dpdcryK393i4mI988wz8vHx0ZgxY2zty5gxYzR8+HBt27ZN//jHPyqD7OrVq90+yfhK0q1bNw0YMEBpaWkaNGiQ9u/fr23btumJJ564ZN9BgwapuLhY//znP3Xq1Cn99Kc/Vdu2bTVw4EDFx8fr3LlzcjqduvHGG22d95SWlqbmzZvr4MGD+uqrrxQaGmp7v9q1a6f//u//1qZNm+p0kvysWbOUnZ2tnJwctWjRwuNxGgozIz+yZs0anT9/Xu3bt5ePj498fHy0cuVKvfrqqyosLHR7nJ/85CcKCwtTWFiYfvazn2n16tUqLi7WqlWr3OrfpUsXORwO7d6929NduaRdu3a5feKoVHWfKhZPwsiPx7nhhhvc6hcWFiaHw6E9e/ZUab/xxhsVFhZW7T9Ou3WEhYUpODjY1hhXmuDgYDmdTh0+fFhDhw7V6dOnjdUyYcKEyv++J0yYUKexbr/9dsXExCgxMdHtPhW/L7t27arx9V27dunaa6+19Z9mVFSUcnNztW/fPn377bd64YUXbIXpSwUjdw+1VPzuhoeHKy0tTdu3b9eaNWvcrqOCv7+/hgwZorlz5yorK0vjx4+3PQNVVy1btqzxs/Wbb75x69HzF5o4caJeffVVnT59WmvXrtVNN92kgQMHXrJfWFiYOnTooK1bt2rr1q2Vfdq3b6+QkBBlZWVp69atbs2CVcjKytIzzzyjzZs3KyIiQhMnTvQ4GFf8LfLUxo0b9fTTT2vjxo3q0qWLx+M0JMLIBc6fP6+//OUvWrJkiXJzcyuXf/3rX2rfvr1HV45UcDgc8vLyqnKFwcVcd911iomJUUpKioqLi6u9bvfS0x/7+9//rs8++8z2f1MmXX/99RoyZIiWL19e4/cE3+vUqZPef/99uVwuo4Fk6NChKi0t1XfffVfjJYp2LVy4UP/7v/+r7Oxst9av+H1ZsWJFtfedy+XS+vXrFRsba2t2sCIEdOzY0dYfB3eCUdu2bT06F8zLy0uzZs3SnDlz3P58qU2PHj0u+3ura9eu2rlzZ7X2nTt36qc//amtsf7rv/5LXl5e2rBhg/7yl79owoQJbv98o6Ki5HQ65XQ6q8yC33777XrrrbeUk5Pj9iGas2fPavz48Zo8ebKioqK0Zs0a5eTkKDU11db+1Ifc3FxNnDhRCxcurJf3YUMhjFxg8+bNOnXqlCZOnKiePXtWWcaMGWPrP4+SkhK5XC65XC7t2rVL06ZN05kzZzRy5Ei3x0hJSVFZWZkiIiL06quvat++fdq1a5f+/Oc/KzIy0nYthw8f1s6dO7VgwQKNGjVKI0aM0Lhx4zzap4rlxIkTbvevDytWrND58+fVr18/paena9euXdqzZ49efPFF7d69W97e3pe1nitVSEiInE6njh07ppiYGBUVFdnqX1hYWCWQ5+bmKj8/39YY3t7e2rVrl/7973/Xy8/l5ptv1tixY/XnP//Z7T7Lly9XSUmJYmJi9MEHHyg/P18ZGRkaMmSIgoOD9eSTT9a5Lne4E4zqcmjk17/+tby9vZWSkuLW+l9//bUGDx6sF198UZ9++qkOHjyol19+WU899ZRGjRrlcR2emDx5svbu3avf/e53+vTTT7Vnzx4tXbpUL730ku1L0gMCAhQbG6vExEQdPXrU1vc0KipKH374oXJzc6vMpgwcOFDPPfecSktL3Q4jiYmJsiyr8h45oaGhevrppzVjxgxb5+nV1YkTJzR69GgNGjRI9913X7XPb0/Ol2owl/8CnivXiBEjrDvvvLPG17Zv325Jsv71r39dcpy4uDhLUuXSokUL62c/+5n1yiuv2K7pyJEj1pQpU6xOnTpZvr6+VnBwsPWrX/2qyuVm7tbi4+NjtW3b1oqOjrbS0tKssrIyt+v48T5VLF27drW1P/VxCeyRI0esqVOnWp07d7aaNWtmBQQEWBEREdbixYut4uLiOtVh+tLe+++/3xozZoxHfWuq4auvvrK6dOli/fznP7cKCwvdHqemn/XEiRM9quFCdi/t/fFYBw8etHx9fd2+tNeyLCsvL8+Ki4uzAgMDrWbNmlkhISHWtGnTrBMnTrg9Rm312LF3716rTZs21m233Wa9//771qFDh6y33nrL6tmzp9W7d2/r9OnTdaojOTnZatu2ba2XvV/o3Llz1syZM61bbrnFatWqldW8eXOra9eu1pw5c6pdBu2Oulzaa1mWlZOTYw0ZMsRq27at1apVK6t///7W66+/7tFYWVlZlqRaP8trc/DgQUuS1a1btyrteXl5tj7rnE6n5e3tbW3btq3aa3fccYc1ePBgt29BUCEpKckKDw+31ceyvr80uKb3csXSqVMn22M2FIdlXYYzJQG4ZejQoQoLC9Py5ctNl4IGkJeXp8cee0wZGRk6duyYLMvS3Xffrb/+9a9q3ry56fIAYzhMA1wBTp06pc2bN8vpdCo6Otp0OWggoaGhWrdunVwul8rLyzVv3jy98847jfqSWqA+MDMCXAHuuusu/fOf/1RcXJz++Mc/XnH3AEDDWbt2rQoLC/W73/3O7fsQAU0NYQQAABhFDAcAAEYRRgAAgFGEEQAAYBRhBAAAGEUYAQAARhFGAACAUYQRAABgFGEEAAAYRRgBAABG/T9FQKHSSA25kgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==",
      "text/plain": [
       "<Figure size 640x480 with 1 Axes>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
    "import string\n",
    "import random\n",
    "my_dict = {}\n",
    "letters = list(string.ascii_uppercase)\n",
    "for i in range(len(letters)):\n",
    "    my_dict[letters[i]] = random.random()\n",
    "x,y = zip(*my_dict.items())\n",
    "plt.bar(x, y)\n",
    "plt.show()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "11566388-1e09-4fb0-b485-c75a88942e3b",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Functions, Fibonaccis"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "id": "786673f5-831b-4ec0-887d-204949d3c723",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{1: 0, 2: 1, 3: 1, 4: 2, 5: 3, 6: 5, 7: 8, 8: 13, 9: 21, 10: 34}\n",
      "{1: 0, 2: 1, 3: 1, 4: 2, 5: 3, 6: 5, 7: 8, 8: 13, 9: 21, 10: 34}\n",
      "34\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def fib1(n):\n",
    "    ''' Calculates the fib sequence as a dict '''\n",
    "    a = [x+1 for x in range(n)]\n",
    "    f1=0\n",
    "    f2=1\n",
    "    f=[f1, f2]\n",
    "    while len(f) < n:\n",
    "        fn = f[-1] + f[-2]\n",
    "        f.append(fn)\n",
    "    fib_dict = dict(zip(a,f))\n",
    "    return fib_dict\n",
    "print(fib1(10))\n",
    "\n",
    "def fib2(n):\n",
    "    ''' Calculates the fib sequence as a dict '''\n",
    "    a = 0 \n",
    "    b = 1\n",
    "    d = dict()\n",
    "    for i in range(1,n+1):\n",
    "       d[i] = a\n",
    "       a,b = b,a+b\n",
    "    return d\n",
    "print(fib2(10))\n",
    "\n",
    "def fib3(n):\n",
    "    ''' Calculates the nth fib '''\n",
    "    a = 0\n",
    "    b = 1\n",
    "    for i in range(n-1):\n",
    "        a,b = b,a+b\n",
    "    return a\n",
    "print(fib3(10))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "be21b707-b475-4c2f-a406-5ba2e041573d",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Classes"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "ead8a358-6120-4802-9b72-9eae0effcf44",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## BankAccount"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "id": "16a46a88-9412-478e-8af3-0a8eb436f67e",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0.0\n",
      "10.0\n",
      "insufficient balance\n",
      "5.0\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "class BankAccount(object):\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def __init__(self, balance=0.0):\n",
    "        self.balance = balance\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def display_balance(self):\n",
    "        print(self.balance)\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def deposit(self, amount):\n",
    "        self.balance += amount\n",
    "        print(self.balance)\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def withdraw(self, amount):\n",
    "        if self.balance >= amount:\n",
    "            self.balance -= amount\n",
    "            print(self.balance)\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            print('insufficient balance')\n",
    "\n",
    "a1 = BankAccount()\n",
    "a1.display_balance()\n",
    "a1.deposit(10)\n",
    "a1.withdraw(20)\n",
    "a1.withdraw(5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "1c2deb46-21f8-4462-9716-0f39c3d24d5d",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Circle"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "id": "8a81caae-9935-41fe-a3c6-9f8896b6e396",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "radius: 5\n",
      "area: 78.53981633974483\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from math import pi\n",
    "\n",
    "class Circle(object):\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def __init__(self, radius=0):\n",
    "        self.radius = radius\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def area(self):\n",
    "        print(f'radius: {self.radius}\\narea: {pi*self.radius**2}')\n",
    "\n",
    "c = Circle(5)\n",
    "c.area()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "71061370-431b-41a2-8eec-b18a3ac650c8",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Cipher"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "id": "e1e2c5dc-6291-444e-bfbe-30acf747b32c",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdin",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Phrase?  meet at the clocktower at 1am\n",
      "[f]orward or [b]ackward? f\n",
      "How much?  3\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "phhw dw wkh forfnwrzhu dw 1dp\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'\n",
    "A = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'\n",
    "\n",
    "def encrypt(phrase, order, amount):\n",
    "    # if order == 'f':\n",
    "    #     n = 3\n",
    "    # elif order == 'b':\n",
    "    #     n = -3\n",
    "    # n = 3 if order == 'f' else -3 if order == 'b' else None\n",
    "    n = {'f': amount, 'b': -amount}.get(order)\n",
    "    encrypted = ''\n",
    "    for l in phrase:\n",
    "        if l in a:\n",
    "            i = a.find(l)\n",
    "            encrypted += a[shift_amount(i+n)]\n",
    "        elif l in A:\n",
    "            i = A.find(l)\n",
    "            encrypted += A[shift_amount(i+n)]\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            encrypted += l\n",
    "    print(encrypted)\n",
    "\n",
    "def shift_amount(i):\n",
    "    return i%len(a)\n",
    "\n",
    "phrase = input('Phrase? ') # 'The cat sat on the mat'\n",
    "order = input('[f]orward or [b]ackward?' )\n",
    "amount = int(input('How much? '))\n",
    "encrypt(phrase, order, amount)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "239879b8-341e-46c6-b1c0-496f9dfc90ac",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Two sums"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "d0ade1c3-0be4-4df1-8182-26625196ac56",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Mine"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "id": "aaccef48-93e9-4488-8702-7067e22b308b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{2: 0, 5: 1, 3: 2, 7: 3, 4: 4}\n",
      "2,3\n",
      "3,2\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def two_sums(L,t):\n",
    "    d = {}\n",
    "    for n in L:\n",
    "        d[n] = L.index(n)\n",
    "    print(d)\n",
    "    s = False\n",
    "    for k,v in d.items():\n",
    "        l = t-k\n",
    "        if l in d:\n",
    "            if d[k] != d[l]:\n",
    "                s = True\n",
    "                print(f'{d[k]},{d[l]}')\n",
    "    if not s:\n",
    "        print('no match')\n",
    "two_sums([2,5,3,7,4],10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "4adfa4fc-e01d-4a2a-94c8-34e887338d1d",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Solution"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "id": "1d0ed192-e821-4b02-93e1-a465ec85b040",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "9 - 8\n",
      "{8: 0}\n",
      "\n",
      "9 - 6\n",
      "{8: 0, 6: 1}\n",
      "\n",
      "9 - 11\n",
      "{8: 0, 6: 1, 11: 2}\n",
      "\n",
      "9 - 3\n",
      "{8: 0, 6: 1, 11: 2}\n",
      "[1, 3]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def two_sum(nums, target):\n",
    "    d = {}\n",
    "    for i in range(len(nums)):\n",
    "        print(f'{target} - {nums[i]}')\n",
    "        if target - nums[i] in d:\n",
    "            print(d)\n",
    "            return [d[target-nums[i]],i]\n",
    "        d[nums[i]] = i\n",
    "        print(d)\n",
    "        print()\n",
    "    return -1\n",
    "L = [8,6,11,3]\n",
    "t = 9\n",
    "print(two_sum(L,t))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "a9c8c6e7-1f22-43ae-850e-8ab82b2ba8be",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Card"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "id": "d5352425-1c18-4983-a6d7-ff68a1633893",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "ace of spades\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "class Card(object):\n",
    "\n",
    "    suits = {'h':'hearts','d':'diamonds','c':'clubs','s':'spades'}\n",
    "    named = {'a':'ace','j':'jack','q':'queen','k':'king'}\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def __init__ (self, value, suit):\n",
    "        self.value = Card.named.get(value) if value.isalpha() else value\n",
    "        self.suit = Card.suits.get(suit)\n",
    "\n",
    "    def get_value(self):\n",
    "        return self.value\n",
    "\n",
    "    def get_suit(self):\n",
    "        return self.suit\n",
    "\n",
    "    def __str__(self):\n",
    "        card = str(self.value) + ' of ' + str(self.suit)\n",
    "        return card\n",
    "\n",
    "x = Card('a','s')\n",
    "print(x)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "a003595b-ff39-42ba-a639-37b6c64cd574",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Stacks"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "1d1ade7e-e324-42ab-818b-433fe568a1c5",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Brackets test (without stacks)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "id": "4e822e2c-0ce2-4ff3-9aff-e15d9429149b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[{()}]: Match\n",
      "\n",
      "[{(}]: Fail\n",
      "\n",
      "[{(})]: Fail\n",
      "\n",
      "{{([{()}])}}: Match\n",
      "\n",
      "}{([})}}: Fail\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# brackets = { 40:41, 123:125, 91:93 }\n",
    "# if brackets.get(ord(test[i]), 0) != ord(test[length-i-1]):\n",
    "\n",
    "# 422ms\n",
    "\n",
    "def brackets_test(test):\n",
    "    brackets = {'(':')','[':']','{':'}'}\n",
    "    print(test, end=': ')\n",
    "    match = True\n",
    "    length = len(test)\n",
    "    if length % 2:\n",
    "        match = False\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        for i in range(length//2):\n",
    "            if match:\n",
    "                if brackets.get(test[i], 0) != test[length-i-1]:\n",
    "                    match = False\n",
    "    print('Match') if match else print('Fail')\n",
    "    print()\n",
    "\n",
    "test1 = '[{()}]' # good\n",
    "test2 = '[{(}]' # bad, odd\n",
    "test3 = '[{(})]' # bad, unmatched\n",
    "test4 = '{{([{()}])}}' # good, longer\n",
    "test5 = '}{([})}}' # bad, start\n",
    "tests = [test1, test2, test3, test4, test5]\n",
    "\n",
    "for test in tests:\n",
    "    brackets_test(test)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "3607ed58-a48d-4416-8b98-b159e1ec96cf",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Answer using stacks"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "id": "91e1d938-a458-4fa9-b7c3-f6a37b14e33e",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[{()}]: Match\n",
      "\n",
      "[{(}]: Fail\n",
      "\n",
      "[{(})]: Fail\n",
      "\n",
      "{{([{()}])}}: Match\n",
      "\n",
      "}{([})}}: Fail\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 390ms\n",
    "\n",
    "def balanced_brackets(s): \n",
    "    stack = []\n",
    "    brackets = {'(':')','[':']','{':'}'}\n",
    "    for char in s:\n",
    "        if char in brackets.keys():\n",
    "            stack.append(char)\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            if len(stack) == 0 or brackets[stack.pop()] != char:\n",
    "                return False\n",
    "    return len(stack) == 0\n",
    "\n",
    "test1 = '[{()}]' # good\n",
    "test2 = '[{(}]' # bad, odd\n",
    "test3 = '[{(})]' # bad, unmatched\n",
    "test4 = '{{([{()}])}}' # good, longer\n",
    "test5 = '}{([})}}' # bad, start\n",
    "tests = [test1, test2, test3, test4, test5]\n",
    "\n",
    "for test in tests:\n",
    "    brackets_test(test)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "2b910822-3ea0-4bdc-837d-795b349d7912",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Towers of Hanoi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "id": "05997e2a-5f25-4060-8fa2-874190bb8dd1",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[3, 2, 1]\n",
      "[]\n",
      "[]\n",
      "\n",
      "[3, 2]\n",
      "[]\n",
      "[1]\n",
      "\n",
      "[3]\n",
      "[1]\n",
      "[2]\n",
      "\n",
      "[]\n",
      "[3]\n",
      "[2, 1]\n",
      "\n",
      "[]\n",
      "[2, 1]\n",
      "[3]\n",
      "\n",
      "[2]\n",
      "[3]\n",
      "[1]\n",
      "\n",
      "[]\n",
      "[1]\n",
      "[3, 2]\n",
      "\n",
      "[]\n",
      "[]\n",
      "[3, 2, 1]\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "7"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 16,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# print order changes\n",
    "def toh(a,b,c,n):\n",
    "    global count\n",
    "    if n == 1:\n",
    "        disk = a.pop()\n",
    "        c.append(disk)\n",
    "        count += 1\n",
    "        print(f'{a}\\n{b}\\n{c}\\n')\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        toh(a,c,b,n-1)\n",
    "        toh(a,b,c,1)\n",
    "        toh(b,a,c,n-1)\n",
    "    return count\n",
    "\n",
    "count = 0\n",
    "z = 3\n",
    "a = []\n",
    "for i in range(z):\n",
    "    a.insert(0,i+1)\n",
    "b = []\n",
    "c = []\n",
    "print(f'{a}\\n{b}\\n{c}\\n')\n",
    "toh(a,b,c,z)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "id": "d0dafb3e-864b-42b1-8892-9aa9d8d5723a",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[45, 87, 6, 70, 2, 5, 3, 24]\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[2, 3, 5, 6, 24, 45, 70, 87]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 17,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def insertion_sort(l):\n",
    "    n = len(l)\n",
    "    for i in range (1,n):\n",
    "        x = l[i]\n",
    "        j = i\n",
    "        # print(f'\\n{x} in position {i+1}')\n",
    "        # print(l)\n",
    "        while j > 0 and l[j-1] > x:\n",
    "            l[j] = l[j-1]\n",
    "            j = j-1\n",
    "        l[j] = x\n",
    "    return l\n",
    "test = [45,87,6,70,2,5,3,24]\n",
    "print(test)\n",
    "insertion_sort(test)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "id": "60e460a9-87e1-4208-89cd-fbbe11b71b03",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "371449635398431: True\n",
      "371449635398413: False\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def luhn(number):\n",
    "    card = str(number)\n",
    "    card_reverse = card[::-1]\n",
    "    n = len(card)\n",
    "    if n%2 > 0:\n",
    "        valid = False\n",
    "    sum = 0\n",
    "    for i in range(0,n,2):\n",
    "        sum += int(card_reverse[i])\n",
    "    for i in range(1,n,2):\n",
    "        if 2*int(card_reverse[i]) > 10:\n",
    "            sum += 1\n",
    "            sum += 2*int(card_reverse[i])%10\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            sum += 2*int(card_reverse[i]) \n",
    "    r = sum%10\n",
    "    valid = True if r == 0 else False\n",
    "    return valid\n",
    "\n",
    "card = 371449635398431\n",
    "print(f'{card}: {luhn(card)}')\n",
    "card = 371449635398413\n",
    "print(f'{card}: {luhn(card)}')"
   ]
  }
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