Migrate from Black to ruff format

[johnthagen]

• https://astral.sh/blog/the-ruff-formatter
• https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/formatter/

Will likely wait until the Ruff formatter is out of beta.

TODO

• Update fmt_check to use ruff format --check

Important Considerations

• check and format do not respect the same rules astral-sh/ruff#9064
• Unified command for linting and formatting astral-sh/ruff#8232

Potential improvements

• Removal of one dependency: (black)
• Removal of black configuration (which mostly duplicates what is already in Ruff)
• Removal of fmt Poetry dependency group
• Delegating PyCharm formatting from manually configured File Watchers to the Ruff plugin: https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/20574-ruff
  • Note this will probably not be fully possible until:
    • (🎁) "organize imports" integration koxudaxi/ruff-pycharm-plugin#140