diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 00574da4fb2ff..264d1f625f28c 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -11,9 +11,7 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
 - Add events correlation engine plugin ([#6854](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/issues/6854))
 - Introduce new dynamic cluster setting to control slice computation for concurrent segment search ([#9107](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9107))
 - Implement on behalf of token passing for extensions ([#8679](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/8679))
-- Implement Visitor Design pattern in QueryBuilder to enable the capability to traverse through the complex QueryBuilder tree. ([#10110](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10110))
 - Provide service accounts tokens to extensions ([#9618](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9618))
-- Configurable merge policy for index with an option to choose from LogByteSize and Tiered merge policy ([#9992](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9992))
 
 ### Dependencies
 - Bump `log4j-core` from 2.18.0 to 2.19.0
@@ -45,6 +43,7 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
 - Bump JNA version from 5.5 to 5.13 ([#9963](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9963))
 - Bumps jetty version to 9.4.52.v20230823 to fix GMS-2023-1857 ([#9822](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9822))
 - Bump `org.eclipse.jgit` from 6.5.0 to 6.7.0 ([#10147](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10147))
+- Bump OpenTelemetry from 1.30.1 to 1.31.0 ([#10617](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10617))
 
 ### Changed
 - [CCR] Add getHistoryOperationsFromTranslog method to fetch the history snapshot from translogs ([#3948](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/3948))
@@ -84,10 +83,22 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
 
 ## [Unreleased 2.x]
 ### Added
+- Per request phase latency ([#10351](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/issues/10351))
 
 ### Dependencies
+- Bump `com.google.api.grpc:proto-google-common-protos` from 2.10.0 to 2.25.1 ([#10208](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10208), [#10298](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10298))
+- Bump Lucene from 9.7.0 to 9.8.0 ([10276](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10276))
+- Bump `com.netflix.nebula.ospackage-base` from 11.4.0 to 11.5.0 ([#10295](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10295))
+- Bump `org.bouncycastle:bc-fips` from 1.0.2.3 to 1.0.2.4 ([#10297](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10297))
+- Bump `org.apache.zookeeper:zookeeper` from 3.9.0 to 3.9.1 ([#10506](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10506))
+- Bump `de.thetaphi:forbiddenapis` from 3.5.1 to 3.6 ([#10508](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10508))
+- Bump `commons-io:commons-io` from 2.13.0 to 2.14.0 ([#10294](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10294))
 
 ### Changed
+- Mute the query profile IT with concurrent execution ([#9840](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9840))
+- Force merge with `only_expunge_deletes` honors max segment size ([#10036](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10036))
+- Add the means to extract the contextual properties from HttpChannel, TcpCChannel and TrasportChannel without excessive typecasting ([#10562](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10562))
+- [Remote Store] Add Remote Store backpressure rejection stats to `_nodes/stats` ([#10524](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10524))
 
 ### Deprecated
 
@@ -95,6 +106,9 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
 
 ### Fixed
 - Fix failure in dissect ingest processor parsing empty brackets ([#9225](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9255))
+- Fix class_cast_exception when passing int to _version and other metadata fields in ingest simulate API ([#10101](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10101))
+- Fix Segment Replication ShardLockObtainFailedException bug during index corruption ([10370](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10370))
+- Fix some test methods in SimulatePipelineRequestParsingTests never run and fix test failure ([#10496](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10496))
 
 ### Security
 
diff --git a/buildSrc/version.properties b/buildSrc/version.properties
index 64f9f9a8828ad..a5171aa582a86 100644
--- a/buildSrc/version.properties
+++ b/buildSrc/version.properties
@@ -68,4 +68,5 @@ jzlib             = 1.1.3
 resteasy          = 6.2.4.Final
 
 # opentelemetry dependencies
-opentelemetry         = 1.30.1
+opentelemetry         = 1.31.0
+opentelemetrysemconv  = 1.21.0-alpha
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/build.gradle b/plugins/telemetry-otel/build.gradle
index 04fff20947b4f..f5c367cb7643b 100644
--- a/plugins/telemetry-otel/build.gradle
+++ b/plugins/telemetry-otel/build.gradle
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ dependencies {
   api "io.opentelemetry:opentelemetry-sdk-trace:${versions.opentelemetry}"
   api "io.opentelemetry:opentelemetry-sdk-metrics:${versions.opentelemetry}"
   api "io.opentelemetry:opentelemetry-exporter-logging:${versions.opentelemetry}"
-  api "io.opentelemetry:opentelemetry-semconv:${versions.opentelemetry}-alpha"
+  api "io.opentelemetry.semconv:opentelemetry-semconv:${versions.opentelemetrysemconv}"
   api "io.opentelemetry:opentelemetry-sdk-logs:${versions.opentelemetry}"
   api "io.opentelemetry:opentelemetry-exporter-otlp:${versions.opentelemetry}"
   api "io.opentelemetry:opentelemetry-exporter-common:${versions.opentelemetry}"
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-api-1.30.1.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-api-1.30.1.jar.sha1
deleted file mode 100644
index b0ce00e191830..0000000000000
--- a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-api-1.30.1.jar.sha1
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-a32dfbd7f01de6711fd0e970f8d4b4c0405056d6
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-api-1.31.0.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-api-1.31.0.jar.sha1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..eae141a8d1a23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-api-1.31.0.jar.sha1
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+bb24a44d73484c681c236aed84fe6c28d17f30e2
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-context-1.30.1.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-context-1.30.1.jar.sha1
deleted file mode 100644
index 84cb60a2f7acb..0000000000000
--- a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-context-1.30.1.jar.sha1
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-58f665ff01ce6b964cdf0b8cb5cd1c196dfe94ce
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-context-1.31.0.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-context-1.31.0.jar.sha1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..6e42973adc581
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-context-1.31.0.jar.sha1
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+b8004737f7a970124e36ac71fde8eb88423e8cee
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-common-1.30.1.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-common-1.30.1.jar.sha1
deleted file mode 100644
index eccb15f7b7c8e..0000000000000
--- a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-common-1.30.1.jar.sha1
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-f299d336dba1039478497f37b273dfa764c6faef
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-common-1.31.0.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-common-1.31.0.jar.sha1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..b119468e7f88b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-common-1.31.0.jar.sha1
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+b7b4baf5f9af72d5eb8a231dfb114ae31c57150d
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-logging-1.30.1.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-logging-1.30.1.jar.sha1
deleted file mode 100644
index 40537a399ab14..0000000000000
--- a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-logging-1.30.1.jar.sha1
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-58f1a09e89955e6145babf8bcdf80c95174eb817
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-logging-1.31.0.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-logging-1.31.0.jar.sha1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..8f653922d6418
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-logging-1.31.0.jar.sha1
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+260e5363dad83a0ae65c16ad6a3dd2914e0db201
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-otlp-1.30.1.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-otlp-1.30.1.jar.sha1
deleted file mode 100644
index e88b7514ee54d..0000000000000
--- a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-otlp-1.30.1.jar.sha1
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-15692246539571c41180aff2b55abe527b939a7b
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-otlp-1.31.0.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-otlp-1.31.0.jar.sha1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..103da4720de96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-otlp-1.31.0.jar.sha1
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+b6454464425dfd81519070caeca3824558a2f1ae
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-otlp-common-1.30.1.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-otlp-common-1.30.1.jar.sha1
deleted file mode 100644
index 86937743208c6..0000000000000
--- a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-otlp-common-1.30.1.jar.sha1
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-947cf43a6411c4a323e14594431040a476ad43e8
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-otlp-common-1.31.0.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-otlp-common-1.31.0.jar.sha1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..3db07532ceea9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-otlp-common-1.31.0.jar.sha1
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+d8c22b6851bbc3dbf5d2387b9bde158ed5416ba4
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-sender-okhttp-1.30.1.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-sender-okhttp-1.30.1.jar.sha1
deleted file mode 100644
index 068926277253c..0000000000000
--- a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-sender-okhttp-1.30.1.jar.sha1
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-9f3a14515500e4df260ce7b10a668237a95ac791
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-sender-okhttp-1.31.0.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-sender-okhttp-1.31.0.jar.sha1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..10d9b7cdfe3e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-exporter-sender-okhttp-1.31.0.jar.sha1
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+dd209381d58cfe81a989e29c9ca26d97c8dabd7a
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-extension-incubator-1.30.1-alpha.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-extension-incubator-1.30.1-alpha.jar.sha1
deleted file mode 100644
index bde43937e82e4..0000000000000
--- a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-extension-incubator-1.30.1-alpha.jar.sha1
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-bfcea9bd71f97dd4e8a4f92c15ba5659fb07ff05
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-extension-incubator-1.31.0-alpha.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-extension-incubator-1.31.0-alpha.jar.sha1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..162890965a6eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-extension-incubator-1.31.0-alpha.jar.sha1
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+6c9f5c063309d92b6dd28bff0667f54b63afd36f
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-1.30.1.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-1.30.1.jar.sha1
deleted file mode 100644
index d425ed61cc4cd..0000000000000
--- a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-1.30.1.jar.sha1
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-4d15a9ea26e8e6ea93287a9f4ee02d91e5a74392
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-1.31.0.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-1.31.0.jar.sha1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..d6ce31a31cc6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-1.31.0.jar.sha1
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+2b2093be08a09ac536292bf6cecf8129cc7fb191
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-common-1.30.1.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-common-1.30.1.jar.sha1
deleted file mode 100644
index 6b32d98b0f7c7..0000000000000
--- a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-common-1.30.1.jar.sha1
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-8e437ba87004bb63069d04fb06beae65b98dd13a
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-common-1.31.0.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-common-1.31.0.jar.sha1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..8a6a9705d836d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-common-1.31.0.jar.sha1
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+f492528288236e097e12fc1c45963dd82c70d33c
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-logs-1.30.1.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-logs-1.30.1.jar.sha1
deleted file mode 100644
index 13ef6de11e82d..0000000000000
--- a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-logs-1.30.1.jar.sha1
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-5985d0950746ad12b49cc42c063f26ddfbcaaacb
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-logs-1.31.0.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-logs-1.31.0.jar.sha1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..37d79f5c573f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-logs-1.31.0.jar.sha1
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+a63a203d3dc6f8875f8c26b9e3b522dc9a3f6280
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-metrics-1.30.1.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-metrics-1.30.1.jar.sha1
deleted file mode 100644
index fc5aad9c9011e..0000000000000
--- a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-metrics-1.30.1.jar.sha1
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-b12825541c5dae52a0fb35045c1b36df3ca8f632
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-metrics-1.31.0.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-metrics-1.31.0.jar.sha1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..80179e4808f50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-metrics-1.31.0.jar.sha1
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+47cc23762fae728d68e4fda1dfb71986ae0b8b3e
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-trace-1.30.1.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-trace-1.30.1.jar.sha1
deleted file mode 100644
index ac522b765da05..0000000000000
--- a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-trace-1.30.1.jar.sha1
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-4c5531fbc44178a7bcfeb7021ae80e70a7c43458
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-trace-1.31.0.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-trace-1.31.0.jar.sha1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..fd917a58ba77c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-sdk-trace-1.31.0.jar.sha1
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+a3941197cfb8ae9eb9e482073480c0c3918b746c
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-semconv-1.21.0-alpha.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-semconv-1.21.0-alpha.jar.sha1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..77b12c99464f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-semconv-1.21.0-alpha.jar.sha1
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+207660e74d1e155272e9559fd4d27854b92fc6ac
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-semconv-1.30.1-alpha.jar.sha1 b/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-semconv-1.30.1-alpha.jar.sha1
deleted file mode 100644
index 089a2484dd1d5..0000000000000
--- a/plugins/telemetry-otel/licenses/opentelemetry-semconv-1.30.1-alpha.jar.sha1
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-8e8f7a97a4896a81846553275b9d61885be7ef50
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/plugins/telemetry-otel/src/main/java/org/opensearch/telemetry/tracing/OTelResourceProvider.java b/plugins/telemetry-otel/src/main/java/org/opensearch/telemetry/tracing/OTelResourceProvider.java
index a6a1f12aab8a9..14a19f122c17b 100644
--- a/plugins/telemetry-otel/src/main/java/org/opensearch/telemetry/tracing/OTelResourceProvider.java
+++ b/plugins/telemetry-otel/src/main/java/org/opensearch/telemetry/tracing/OTelResourceProvider.java
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 import io.opentelemetry.sdk.trace.export.BatchSpanProcessor;
 import io.opentelemetry.sdk.trace.export.SpanExporter;
 import io.opentelemetry.sdk.trace.samplers.Sampler;
-import io.opentelemetry.semconv.resource.attributes.ResourceAttributes;
+import io.opentelemetry.semconv.ResourceAttributes;
 
 import static org.opensearch.telemetry.OTelTelemetrySettings.TRACER_EXPORTER_BATCH_SIZE_SETTING;
 import static org.opensearch.telemetry.OTelTelemetrySettings.TRACER_EXPORTER_DELAY_SETTING;
diff --git a/release-notes/opensearch.release-notes-2.11.0.md b/release-notes/opensearch.release-notes-2.11.0.md
index d7e9182f2a656..7ebf1b433c7c6 100644
--- a/release-notes/opensearch.release-notes-2.11.0.md
+++ b/release-notes/opensearch.release-notes-2.11.0.md
@@ -8,13 +8,16 @@
 - Async blob read support for S3 plugin ([#9694](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9694))
 - [Telemetry-Otel] Added support for OtlpGrpcSpanExporter exporter ([#9666](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9666))
 - Async blob read support for encrypted containers ([#10131](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10131))
+- Implement Visitor Design pattern in QueryBuilder to enable the capability to traverse through the complex QueryBuilder tree. ([#10110](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10110))
 - Add capability to restrict async durability mode for remote indexes ([#10189](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10189))
 - Add Doc Status Counter for Indexing Engine ([#4562](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/issues/4562))
 - Add unreferenced file cleanup count to merge stats ([#10204](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10204))
+- Configurable merge policy for index with an option to choose from LogByteSize and Tiered merge policy ([#9992](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9992))
 - [Remote Store] Add support to restrict creation & deletion if system repository and mutation of immutable settings of system repository ([#9839](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9839))
 - Improve compressed request handling ([#10261](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10261))
 
 ### Dependencies
+- Bump JNA version from 5.5 to 5.13 ([#9963](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9963))
 - Bump `peter-evans/create-or-update-comment` from 2 to 3 ([#9575](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9575))
 - Bump `actions/checkout` from 2 to 4 ([#9968](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9968))
 - Bump OpenTelemetry from 1.26.0 to 1.30.1 ([#9950](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9950))
@@ -25,30 +28,22 @@
 - Bump `com.zaxxer:SparseBitSet` from 1.2 to 1.3 ([#10098](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10098))
 - Bump `tibdex/github-app-token` from 1.5.0 to 2.1.0 ([#10125](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10125))
 - Bump `org.wiremock:wiremock-standalone` from 2.35.0 to 3.1.0 ([#9752](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9752))
+- Bump `org.eclipse.jgit` from 6.5.0 to 6.7.0 ([#10147](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10147))
+- Bump `codecov/codecov-action` from 2 to 3 ([#10209](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10209))
 - Bump `com.google.http-client:google-http-client-jackson2` from 1.43.2 to 1.43.3 ([#10126](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10126))
 - Bump `org.xerial.snappy:snappy-java` from 1.1.10.3 to 1.1.10.5 ([#10206](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10206), [#10299](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10299))
-- Bump `com.google.api.grpc:proto-google-common-protos` from 2.10.0 to 2.25.1 ([#10208](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10208), [#10298](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10298))
-- Bump `codecov/codecov-action` from 2 to 3 ([#10209](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10209))
 - Bump `org.bouncycastle:bcpkix-jdk15to18` from 1.75 to 1.76 ([10219](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10219))`
 - Bump `org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15to18` from 1.75 to 1.76 ([10219](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10219))`
 - Bump `org.bouncycastle:bcmail-jdk15to18` from 1.75 to 1.76 ([10219](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10219))`
-- Bump Lucene from 9.7.0 to 9.8.0 ([10276](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10276))
-- Bump `com.netflix.nebula.ospackage-base` from 11.4.0 to 11.5.0 ([#10295](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10295))
 - Bump asm from 9.5 to 9.6 ([#10302](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10302))
 - Bump netty from 4.1.97.Final to 4.1.99.Final ([#10303](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10303))
 - Bump `peter-evans/create-pull-request` from 3 to 5 ([#10301](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10301))
 - Bump `org.apache.avro:avro` from 1.11.2 to 1.11.3 ([#10210](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10210))
-- Bump `org.bouncycastle:bc-fips` from 1.0.2.3 to 1.0.2.4 ([#10297](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10297))
-- Bump `org.apache.zookeeper:zookeeper` from 3.9.0 to 3.9.1 ([#10506](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10506))
-- Bump `de.thetaphi:forbiddenapis` from 3.5.1 to 3.6 ([#10508](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10508))
-- Bump `commons-io:commons-io` from 2.13.0 to 2.14.0 ([#10294](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10294))
 - Bump `netty` from 4.1.99.Final to 4.1.100.Final ([#10564](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10564))
 
 ### Changed
 - Add instrumentation in rest and network layer. ([#9415](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9415))
 - Allow parameterization of tests with OpenSearchIntegTestCase.SuiteScopeTestCase annotation ([#9916](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9916))
-- Mute the query profile IT with concurrent execution ([#9840](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9840))
-- Force merge with `only_expunge_deletes` honors max segment size ([#10036](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10036))
 - Add instrumentation in transport service. ([#10042](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10042))
 - [Tracing Framework] Add support for SpanKind. ([#10122](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10122))
 - Pass parent filter to inner query in nested query ([#10246](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10246))
@@ -58,7 +53,6 @@
 - [Remote Store] Add support to reload repository metadata inplace ([#9569](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9569))
 - [Metrics Framework] Add Metrics framework. ([#10241](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10241))
 - Updating the separator for RemoteStoreLockManager since underscore is allowed in base64UUID url charset ([#10379](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10379))
-- Add the means to extract the contextual properties from HttpChannel, TcpCChannel and TrasportChannel without excessive typecasting ([#10562](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10562))
 
 ### Removed
 - Remove spurious SGID bit on directories ([#9447](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/9447))
@@ -68,8 +62,6 @@
 - Fix broken backward compatibility from 2.7 for IndexSorted field indices ([#10045](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10045))
 - Fix concurrent search NPE when track_total_hits, terminate_after and size=0 are used ([#10082](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10082))
 - Fix remove ingest processor handing ignore_missing parameter not correctly ([10089](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10089))
-- Fix class_cast_exception when passing int to _version and other metadata fields in ingest simulate API ([#10101](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10101))
-- Fix circular dependency in Settings initialization ([10194](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10194))
 - Fix registration and initialization of multiple extensions ([10256](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10256))
+- Fix circular dependency in Settings initialization ([10194](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10194))
 - Fix Segment Replication ShardLockObtainFailedException bug during index corruption ([10370](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10370))
-- Fix some test methods in SimulatePipelineRequestParsingTests never run and fix test failure ([#10496](https://github.com/opensearch-project/OpenSearch/pull/10496))
diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/AbstractSearchAsyncAction.java b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/AbstractSearchAsyncAction.java
index 1c0a1280ad550..14f57218ae1dc 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/AbstractSearchAsyncAction.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/AbstractSearchAsyncAction.java
@@ -215,6 +215,7 @@ public final void start() {
                     0,
                     0,
                     buildTookInMillis(),
+                    timeProvider.getPhaseTook(),
                     ShardSearchFailure.EMPTY_ARRAY,
                     clusters,
                     null
@@ -662,6 +663,7 @@ protected final SearchResponse buildSearchResponse(
             successfulOps.get(),
             skippedOps.get(),
             buildTookInMillis(),
+            timeProvider.getPhaseTook(),
             failures,
             clusters,
             searchContextId
diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/MultiSearchRequest.java b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/MultiSearchRequest.java
index da8f8f144eaf2..00e0345062d1c 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/MultiSearchRequest.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/MultiSearchRequest.java
@@ -277,6 +277,8 @@ public static void readMultiLineFormat(
                         } else if ("cancel_after_time_interval".equals(entry.getKey())
                             || "cancelAfterTimeInterval".equals(entry.getKey())) {
                                 searchRequest.setCancelAfterTimeInterval(nodeTimeValue(value, null));
+                            } else if ("phase_took".equals(entry.getKey())) {
+                                searchRequest.setPhaseTook(nodeBooleanValue(value));
                             } else {
                                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("key [" + entry.getKey() + "] is not supported in the metadata section");
                             }
@@ -374,6 +376,9 @@ public static void writeSearchRequestParams(SearchRequest request, XContentBuild
         if (request.getCancelAfterTimeInterval() != null) {
             xContentBuilder.field("cancel_after_time_interval", request.getCancelAfterTimeInterval().getStringRep());
         }
+        if (request.isPhaseTook() != null) {
+            xContentBuilder.field("phase_took", request.isPhaseTook());
+        }
         xContentBuilder.endObject();
     }
 
diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchRequest.java b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchRequest.java
index 21cf0ed97b9da..9e50213eab5f9 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchRequest.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchRequest.java
@@ -117,6 +117,8 @@ public class SearchRequest extends ActionRequest implements IndicesRequest.Repla
 
     private String pipeline;
 
+    private Boolean phaseTook = null;
+
     public SearchRequest() {
         this.localClusterAlias = null;
         this.absoluteStartMillis = DEFAULT_ABSOLUTE_START_MILLIS;
@@ -209,6 +211,7 @@ private SearchRequest(
         this.absoluteStartMillis = absoluteStartMillis;
         this.finalReduce = finalReduce;
         this.cancelAfterTimeInterval = searchRequest.cancelAfterTimeInterval;
+        this.phaseTook = searchRequest.phaseTook;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -253,6 +256,9 @@ public SearchRequest(StreamInput in) throws IOException {
         if (in.getVersion().onOrAfter(Version.V_2_7_0)) {
             pipeline = in.readOptionalString();
         }
+        if (in.getVersion().onOrAfter(Version.V_3_0_0)) {
+            phaseTook = in.readOptionalBoolean();
+        }
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -284,6 +290,9 @@ public void writeTo(StreamOutput out) throws IOException {
         if (out.getVersion().onOrAfter(Version.V_2_7_0)) {
             out.writeOptionalString(pipeline);
         }
+        if (out.getVersion().onOrAfter(Version.V_3_0_0)) {
+            out.writeOptionalBoolean(phaseTook);
+        }
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -615,6 +624,20 @@ public void setPreFilterShardSize(int preFilterShardSize) {
         this.preFilterShardSize = preFilterShardSize;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns value of user-provided phase_took query parameter for this search request.
+     */
+    public Boolean isPhaseTook() {
+        return phaseTook;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets value of phase_took query param if provided by user. Defaults to <code>null</code>.
+     */
+    public void setPhaseTook(Boolean phaseTook) {
+        this.phaseTook = phaseTook;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Returns a threshold that enforces a pre-filter roundtrip to pre-filter search shards based on query rewriting if the number of shards
      * the search request expands to exceeds the threshold, or <code>null</code> if the threshold is unspecified.
@@ -719,7 +742,8 @@ public boolean equals(Object o) {
             && absoluteStartMillis == that.absoluteStartMillis
             && ccsMinimizeRoundtrips == that.ccsMinimizeRoundtrips
             && Objects.equals(cancelAfterTimeInterval, that.cancelAfterTimeInterval)
-            && Objects.equals(pipeline, that.pipeline);
+            && Objects.equals(pipeline, that.pipeline)
+            && Objects.equals(phaseTook, that.phaseTook);
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -740,7 +764,8 @@ public int hashCode() {
             localClusterAlias,
             absoluteStartMillis,
             ccsMinimizeRoundtrips,
-            cancelAfterTimeInterval
+            cancelAfterTimeInterval,
+            phaseTook
         );
     }
 
@@ -783,6 +808,8 @@ public String toString() {
             + cancelAfterTimeInterval
             + ", pipeline="
             + pipeline
+            + ", phaseTook="
+            + phaseTook
             + "}";
     }
 }
diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchResponse.java b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchResponse.java
index a546311a1f668..91f0dc0737637 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchResponse.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchResponse.java
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 package org.opensearch.action.search;
 
 import org.apache.lucene.search.TotalHits;
+import org.opensearch.Version;
 import org.opensearch.common.Nullable;
 import org.opensearch.common.unit.TimeValue;
 import org.opensearch.common.xcontent.StatusToXContentObject;
@@ -63,7 +64,9 @@
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
@@ -94,6 +97,7 @@ public class SearchResponse extends ActionResponse implements StatusToXContentOb
     private final ShardSearchFailure[] shardFailures;
     private final Clusters clusters;
     private final long tookInMillis;
+    private final PhaseTook phaseTook;
 
     public SearchResponse(StreamInput in) throws IOException {
         super(in);
@@ -112,6 +116,11 @@ public SearchResponse(StreamInput in) throws IOException {
         clusters = new Clusters(in);
         scrollId = in.readOptionalString();
         tookInMillis = in.readVLong();
+        if (in.getVersion().onOrAfter(Version.V_3_0_0)) {
+            phaseTook = in.readOptionalWriteable(PhaseTook::new);
+        } else {
+            phaseTook = null;
+        }
         skippedShards = in.readVInt();
         pointInTimeId = in.readOptionalString();
     }
@@ -126,7 +135,32 @@ public SearchResponse(
         ShardSearchFailure[] shardFailures,
         Clusters clusters
     ) {
-        this(internalResponse, scrollId, totalShards, successfulShards, skippedShards, tookInMillis, shardFailures, clusters, null);
+        this(internalResponse, scrollId, totalShards, successfulShards, skippedShards, tookInMillis, null, shardFailures, clusters, null);
+    }
+
+    public SearchResponse(
+        SearchResponseSections internalResponse,
+        String scrollId,
+        int totalShards,
+        int successfulShards,
+        int skippedShards,
+        long tookInMillis,
+        ShardSearchFailure[] shardFailures,
+        Clusters clusters,
+        String pointInTimeId
+    ) {
+        this(
+            internalResponse,
+            scrollId,
+            totalShards,
+            successfulShards,
+            skippedShards,
+            tookInMillis,
+            null,
+            shardFailures,
+            clusters,
+            pointInTimeId
+        );
     }
 
     public SearchResponse(
@@ -136,6 +170,7 @@ public SearchResponse(
         int successfulShards,
         int skippedShards,
         long tookInMillis,
+        PhaseTook phaseTook,
         ShardSearchFailure[] shardFailures,
         Clusters clusters,
         String pointInTimeId
@@ -148,6 +183,7 @@ public SearchResponse(
         this.successfulShards = successfulShards;
         this.skippedShards = skippedShards;
         this.tookInMillis = tookInMillis;
+        this.phaseTook = phaseTook;
         this.shardFailures = shardFailures;
         assert skippedShards <= totalShards : "skipped: " + skippedShards + " total: " + totalShards;
         assert scrollId == null || pointInTimeId == null : "SearchResponse can't have both scrollId ["
@@ -210,6 +246,13 @@ public TimeValue getTook() {
         return new TimeValue(tookInMillis);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * How long the request took in each search phase.
+     */
+    public PhaseTook getPhaseTook() {
+        return phaseTook;
+    }
+
     /**
      * The total number of shards the search was executed on.
      */
@@ -298,6 +341,9 @@ public XContentBuilder innerToXContent(XContentBuilder builder, Params params) t
             builder.field(POINT_IN_TIME_ID.getPreferredName(), pointInTimeId);
         }
         builder.field(TOOK.getPreferredName(), tookInMillis);
+        if (phaseTook != null) {
+            phaseTook.toXContent(builder, params);
+        }
         builder.field(TIMED_OUT.getPreferredName(), isTimedOut());
         if (isTerminatedEarly() != null) {
             builder.field(TERMINATED_EARLY.getPreferredName(), isTerminatedEarly());
@@ -337,6 +383,7 @@ public static SearchResponse innerFromXContent(XContentParser parser) throws IOE
         Boolean terminatedEarly = null;
         int numReducePhases = 1;
         long tookInMillis = -1;
+        PhaseTook phaseTook = null;
         int successfulShards = -1;
         int totalShards = -1;
         int skippedShards = 0; // 0 for BWC
@@ -401,6 +448,24 @@ public static SearchResponse innerFromXContent(XContentParser parser) throws IOE
                             parser.skipChildren();
                         }
                     }
+                } else if (PhaseTook.PHASE_TOOK.match(currentFieldName, parser.getDeprecationHandler())) {
+                    Map<String, Long> phaseTookMap = new HashMap<>();
+
+                    while ((token = parser.nextToken()) != Token.END_OBJECT) {
+                        if (token == Token.FIELD_NAME) {
+                            currentFieldName = parser.currentName();
+                        } else if (token.isValue()) {
+                            try {
+                                SearchPhaseName.valueOf(currentFieldName.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT));
+                                phaseTookMap.put(currentFieldName, parser.longValue());
+                            } catch (final IllegalArgumentException ex) {
+                                parser.skipChildren();
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            parser.skipChildren();
+                        }
+                    }
+                    phaseTook = new PhaseTook(phaseTookMap);
                 } else if (Clusters._CLUSTERS_FIELD.match(currentFieldName, parser.getDeprecationHandler())) {
                     int successful = -1;
                     int total = -1;
@@ -472,6 +537,7 @@ public static SearchResponse innerFromXContent(XContentParser parser) throws IOE
             successfulShards,
             skippedShards,
             tookInMillis,
+            phaseTook,
             failures.toArray(ShardSearchFailure.EMPTY_ARRAY),
             clusters,
             searchContextId
@@ -491,6 +557,9 @@ public void writeTo(StreamOutput out) throws IOException {
         clusters.writeTo(out);
         out.writeOptionalString(scrollId);
         out.writeVLong(tookInMillis);
+        if (out.getVersion().onOrAfter(Version.V_3_0_0)) {
+            out.writeOptionalWriteable(phaseTook);
+        }
         out.writeVInt(skippedShards);
         out.writeOptionalString(pointInTimeId);
     }
@@ -604,6 +673,67 @@ public String toString() {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Holds info about the clusters that the search was executed on: how many in total, how many of them were successful
+     * and how many of them were skipped.
+     *
+     * @opensearch.internal
+     */
+    public static class PhaseTook implements ToXContentFragment, Writeable {
+        static final ParseField PHASE_TOOK = new ParseField("phase_took");
+        private final Map<String, Long> phaseTookMap;
+
+        public PhaseTook(Map<String, Long> phaseTookMap) {
+            this.phaseTookMap = phaseTookMap;
+        }
+
+        private PhaseTook(StreamInput in) throws IOException {
+            this(in.readMap(StreamInput::readString, StreamInput::readLong));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void writeTo(StreamOutput out) throws IOException {
+            out.writeMap(phaseTookMap, StreamOutput::writeString, StreamOutput::writeLong);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public XContentBuilder toXContent(XContentBuilder builder, Params params) throws IOException {
+            builder.startObject(PHASE_TOOK.getPreferredName());
+
+            for (SearchPhaseName searchPhaseName : SearchPhaseName.values()) {
+                if (phaseTookMap.containsKey(searchPhaseName.getName())) {
+                    builder.field(searchPhaseName.getName(), phaseTookMap.get(searchPhaseName.getName()));
+                } else {
+                    builder.field(searchPhaseName.getName(), 0);
+                }
+            }
+            builder.endObject();
+            return builder;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (this == o) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            PhaseTook phaseTook = (PhaseTook) o;
+
+            if (phaseTook.phaseTookMap.equals(phaseTookMap)) {
+                return true;
+            } else {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return Objects.hash(phaseTookMap);
+        }
+    }
+
     static SearchResponse empty(Supplier<Long> tookInMillisSupplier, Clusters clusters) {
         SearchHits searchHits = new SearchHits(new SearchHit[0], new TotalHits(0L, TotalHits.Relation.EQUAL_TO), Float.NaN);
         InternalSearchResponse internalSearchResponse = new InternalSearchResponse(
diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchResponseMerger.java b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchResponseMerger.java
index f90e98106f93f..054bd578cc56c 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchResponseMerger.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchResponseMerger.java
@@ -236,6 +236,7 @@ SearchResponse getMergedResponse(SearchResponse.Clusters clusters) {
             successfulShards,
             skippedShards,
             tookInMillis,
+            searchTimeProvider.getPhaseTook(),
             shardFailures,
             clusters,
             null
diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/TransportSearchAction.java b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/TransportSearchAction.java
index cff1005beff27..284f71bd9da62 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/TransportSearchAction.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/action/search/TransportSearchAction.java
@@ -98,6 +98,7 @@
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.EnumMap;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -154,6 +155,14 @@ public class TransportSearchAction extends HandledTransportAction<SearchRequest,
         Property.NodeScope
     );
 
+    public static final String SEARCH_PHASE_TOOK_ENABLED_KEY = "search.phase_took_enabled";
+    public static final Setting<Boolean> SEARCH_PHASE_TOOK_ENABLED = Setting.boolSetting(
+        SEARCH_PHASE_TOOK_ENABLED_KEY,
+        false,
+        Property.Dynamic,
+        Property.NodeScope
+    );
+
     private final NodeClient client;
     private final ThreadPool threadPool;
     private final ClusterService clusterService;
@@ -252,6 +261,8 @@ private Map<String, Float> resolveIndexBoosts(SearchRequest searchRequest, Clust
     }
 
     /**
+     * Listener to track request-level tookTime and phase tookTimes from the coordinator.
+     *
      * Search operations need two clocks. One clock is to fulfill real clock needs (e.g., resolving
      * "now" to an index name). Another clock is needed for measuring how long a search operation
      * took. These two uses are at odds with each other. There are many issues with using a real
@@ -261,11 +272,12 @@ private Map<String, Float> resolveIndexBoosts(SearchRequest searchRequest, Clust
      *
      * @opensearch.internal
      */
-    static final class SearchTimeProvider {
+    static final class SearchTimeProvider implements SearchRequestOperationsListener {
 
         private final long absoluteStartMillis;
         private final long relativeStartNanos;
         private final LongSupplier relativeCurrentNanosProvider;
+        private boolean phaseTook = false;
 
         /**
          * Instantiates a new search time provider. The absolute start time is the real clock time
@@ -291,6 +303,47 @@ long getAbsoluteStartMillis() {
         long buildTookInMillis() {
             return TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toMillis(relativeCurrentNanosProvider.getAsLong() - relativeStartNanos);
         }
+
+        public void setPhaseTook(boolean phaseTook) {
+            this.phaseTook = phaseTook;
+        }
+
+        public boolean isPhaseTook() {
+            return phaseTook;
+        }
+
+        SearchResponse.PhaseTook getPhaseTook() {
+            if (phaseTook) {
+                Map<String, Long> phaseTookMap = new HashMap<>();
+                // Convert Map<SearchPhaseName, Long> to Map<String, Long> for SearchResponse()
+                for (SearchPhaseName searchPhaseName : phaseStatsMap.keySet()) {
+                    phaseTookMap.put(searchPhaseName.getName(), phaseStatsMap.get(searchPhaseName));
+                }
+                return new SearchResponse.PhaseTook(phaseTookMap);
+            } else {
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        Map<SearchPhaseName, Long> phaseStatsMap = new EnumMap<>(SearchPhaseName.class);
+
+        @Override
+        public void onPhaseStart(SearchPhaseContext context) {}
+
+        @Override
+        public void onPhaseEnd(SearchPhaseContext context) {
+            phaseStatsMap.put(
+                context.getCurrentPhase().getSearchPhaseName(),
+                TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toMillis(System.nanoTime() - context.getCurrentPhase().getStartTimeInNanos())
+            );
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onPhaseFailure(SearchPhaseContext context) {}
+
+        public Long getPhaseTookTime(SearchPhaseName searchPhaseName) {
+            return phaseStatsMap.get(searchPhaseName);
+        }
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -332,13 +385,6 @@ public void executeRequest(
         SinglePhaseSearchAction phaseSearchAction,
         ActionListener<SearchResponse> listener
     ) {
-        final List<SearchRequestOperationsListener> searchListenersList = createSearchListenerList();
-        final SearchRequestOperationsListener searchRequestOperationsListener;
-        if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(searchListenersList)) {
-            searchRequestOperationsListener = new SearchRequestOperationsListener.CompositeListener(searchListenersList, logger);
-        } else {
-            searchRequestOperationsListener = null;
-        }
         executeRequest(task, searchRequest, new SearchAsyncActionProvider() {
             @Override
             public AbstractSearchAsyncAction<? extends SearchPhaseResult> asyncSearchAction(
@@ -355,7 +401,8 @@ public AbstractSearchAsyncAction<? extends SearchPhaseResult> asyncSearchAction(
                 ActionListener<SearchResponse> listener,
                 boolean preFilter,
                 ThreadPool threadPool,
-                SearchResponse.Clusters clusters
+                SearchResponse.Clusters clusters,
+                SearchRequestOperationsListener searchRequestOperationsListener
             ) {
                 return new AbstractSearchAsyncAction<SearchPhaseResult>(
                     actionName,
@@ -419,6 +466,16 @@ private void executeRequest(
             relativeStartNanos,
             System::nanoTime
         );
+
+        final List<SearchRequestOperationsListener> searchListenersList = createSearchListenerList(originalSearchRequest, timeProvider);
+
+        final SearchRequestOperationsListener searchRequestOperationsListener;
+        if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(searchListenersList)) {
+            searchRequestOperationsListener = new SearchRequestOperationsListener.CompositeListener(searchListenersList, logger);
+        } else {
+            searchRequestOperationsListener = null;
+        }
+
         PipelinedRequest searchRequest;
         ActionListener<SearchResponse> listener;
         try {
@@ -462,7 +519,8 @@ private void executeRequest(
                     clusterState,
                     listener,
                     searchContext,
-                    searchAsyncActionProvider
+                    searchAsyncActionProvider,
+                    searchRequestOperationsListener
                 );
             } else {
                 if (shouldMinimizeRoundtrips(searchRequest)) {
@@ -483,7 +541,8 @@ private void executeRequest(
                             clusterState,
                             l,
                             searchContext,
-                            searchAsyncActionProvider
+                            searchAsyncActionProvider,
+                            searchRequestOperationsListener
                         )
                     );
                 } else {
@@ -533,7 +592,8 @@ private void executeRequest(
                                 listener,
                                 new SearchResponse.Clusters(totalClusters, successfulClusters, skippedClusters.get()),
                                 searchContext,
-                                searchAsyncActionProvider
+                                searchAsyncActionProvider,
+                                searchRequestOperationsListener
                             );
                         }, listener::onFailure)
                     );
@@ -622,6 +682,7 @@ public void onResponse(SearchResponse searchResponse) {
                             searchResponse.getSuccessfulShards(),
                             searchResponse.getSkippedShards(),
                             timeProvider.buildTookInMillis(),
+                            timeProvider.getPhaseTook(),
                             searchResponse.getShardFailures(),
                             new SearchResponse.Clusters(1, 1, 0),
                             searchResponse.pointInTimeId()
@@ -811,7 +872,8 @@ private void executeLocalSearch(
         ClusterState clusterState,
         ActionListener<SearchResponse> listener,
         SearchContextId searchContext,
-        SearchAsyncActionProvider searchAsyncActionProvider
+        SearchAsyncActionProvider searchAsyncActionProvider,
+        SearchRequestOperationsListener searchRequestOperationsListener
     ) {
         executeSearch(
             (SearchTask) task,
@@ -825,7 +887,8 @@ private void executeLocalSearch(
             listener,
             SearchResponse.Clusters.EMPTY,
             searchContext,
-            searchAsyncActionProvider
+            searchAsyncActionProvider,
+            searchRequestOperationsListener
         );
     }
 
@@ -943,7 +1006,8 @@ private void executeSearch(
         ActionListener<SearchResponse> listener,
         SearchResponse.Clusters clusters,
         @Nullable SearchContextId searchContext,
-        SearchAsyncActionProvider searchAsyncActionProvider
+        SearchAsyncActionProvider searchAsyncActionProvider,
+        SearchRequestOperationsListener searchRequestOperationsListener
     ) {
         clusterState.blocks().globalBlockedRaiseException(ClusterBlockLevel.READ);
         // TODO: I think startTime() should become part of ActionRequest and that should be used both for index name
@@ -1044,7 +1108,8 @@ private void executeSearch(
             listener,
             preFilterSearchShards,
             threadPool,
-            clusters
+            clusters,
+            searchRequestOperationsListener
         ).start();
     }
 
@@ -1127,15 +1192,30 @@ AbstractSearchAsyncAction<? extends SearchPhaseResult> asyncSearchAction(
             ActionListener<SearchResponse> listener,
             boolean preFilter,
             ThreadPool threadPool,
-            SearchResponse.Clusters clusters
+            SearchResponse.Clusters clusters,
+            SearchRequestOperationsListener searchRequestOperationsListener
         );
     }
 
-    private List<SearchRequestOperationsListener> createSearchListenerList() {
+    private List<SearchRequestOperationsListener> createSearchListenerList(SearchRequest searchRequest, SearchTimeProvider timeProvider) {
         final List<SearchRequestOperationsListener> searchListenersList = new ArrayList<>();
+
         if (isRequestStatsEnabled) {
             searchListenersList.add(searchRequestStats);
         }
+
+        // phase_took is enabled with request param and/or cluster setting
+        Boolean phaseTookRequestParam = searchRequest.isPhaseTook();
+        if (phaseTookRequestParam == null) {    // check cluster setting only when request param is undefined
+            if (clusterService.getClusterSettings().get(TransportSearchAction.SEARCH_PHASE_TOOK_ENABLED)) {
+                timeProvider.setPhaseTook(true);
+                searchListenersList.add(timeProvider);
+            }
+        } else if (phaseTookRequestParam == true) {
+            timeProvider.setPhaseTook(true);
+            searchListenersList.add(timeProvider);
+        }
+
         return searchListenersList;
     }
 
@@ -1153,15 +1233,9 @@ private AbstractSearchAsyncAction<? extends SearchPhaseResult> searchAsyncAction
         ActionListener<SearchResponse> listener,
         boolean preFilter,
         ThreadPool threadPool,
-        SearchResponse.Clusters clusters
+        SearchResponse.Clusters clusters,
+        SearchRequestOperationsListener searchRequestOperationsListener
     ) {
-        final List<SearchRequestOperationsListener> searchListenersList = createSearchListenerList();
-        final SearchRequestOperationsListener searchRequestOperationsListener;
-        if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(searchListenersList)) {
-            searchRequestOperationsListener = new SearchRequestOperationsListener.CompositeListener(searchListenersList, logger);
-        } else {
-            searchRequestOperationsListener = null;
-        }
         if (preFilter) {
             return new CanMatchPreFilterSearchPhase(
                 logger,
@@ -1192,7 +1266,8 @@ private AbstractSearchAsyncAction<? extends SearchPhaseResult> searchAsyncAction
                         listener,
                         false,
                         threadPool,
-                        clusters
+                        clusters,
+                        searchRequestOperationsListener
                     );
                     return new SearchPhase(action.getName()) {
                         @Override
diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/common/settings/ClusterSettings.java b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/common/settings/ClusterSettings.java
index 4cd3490cffb4c..ad2b89aa3948d 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/common/settings/ClusterSettings.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/common/settings/ClusterSettings.java
@@ -375,6 +375,7 @@ public void apply(Settings value, Settings current, Settings previous) {
                 TransportSearchAction.SHARD_COUNT_LIMIT_SETTING,
                 TransportSearchAction.SEARCH_CANCEL_AFTER_TIME_INTERVAL_SETTING,
                 TransportSearchAction.SEARCH_REQUEST_STATS_ENABLED,
+                TransportSearchAction.SEARCH_PHASE_TOOK_ENABLED,
                 RemoteClusterService.REMOTE_CLUSTER_SKIP_UNAVAILABLE,
                 SniffConnectionStrategy.REMOTE_CONNECTIONS_PER_CLUSTER,
                 RemoteClusterService.REMOTE_INITIAL_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT_SETTING,
diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/index/remote/RemoteSegmentStats.java b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/index/remote/RemoteSegmentStats.java
index c7863536adf20..5992923a4157b 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/index/remote/RemoteSegmentStats.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/index/remote/RemoteSegmentStats.java
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 package org.opensearch.index.remote;
 
+import org.opensearch.Version;
 import org.opensearch.action.admin.cluster.remotestore.stats.RemoteStoreStats;
 import org.opensearch.common.unit.TimeValue;
 import org.opensearch.core.common.io.stream.StreamInput;
@@ -75,6 +76,10 @@ public class RemoteSegmentStats implements Writeable, ToXContentFragment {
      * Total time spent in downloading segments from remote store
      */
     private long totalDownloadTime;
+    /**
+     * Total rejections due to remote store upload backpressure
+     */
+    private long totalRejections;
 
     public RemoteSegmentStats() {}
 
@@ -90,6 +95,10 @@ public RemoteSegmentStats(StreamInput in) throws IOException {
         totalRefreshBytesLag = in.readLong();
         totalUploadTime = in.readLong();
         totalDownloadTime = in.readLong();
+        // TODO: change to V_2_12_0 on main after backport to 2.x
+        if (in.getVersion().onOrAfter(Version.V_3_0_0)) {
+            totalRejections = in.readVLong();
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -115,6 +124,7 @@ public RemoteSegmentStats(RemoteSegmentTransferTracker.Stats trackerStats) {
         this.totalRefreshBytesLag = trackerStats.bytesLag;
         this.totalUploadTime = trackerStats.totalUploadTimeInMs;
         this.totalDownloadTime = trackerStats.directoryFileTransferTrackerStats.totalTransferTimeInMs;
+        this.totalRejections = trackerStats.rejectionCount;
     }
 
     // Getter and setters. All are visible for testing
@@ -207,6 +217,14 @@ public void addTotalDownloadTime(long totalDownloadTime) {
         this.totalDownloadTime += totalDownloadTime;
     }
 
+    public long getTotalRejections() {
+        return totalRejections;
+    }
+
+    public void addTotalRejections(long totalRejections) {
+        this.totalRejections += totalRejections;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Adds existing stats. Used for stats roll-ups at index or node level
      *
@@ -225,6 +243,7 @@ public void add(RemoteSegmentStats existingStats) {
             this.totalRefreshBytesLag += existingStats.getTotalRefreshBytesLag();
             this.totalUploadTime += existingStats.getTotalUploadTime();
             this.totalDownloadTime += existingStats.getTotalDownloadTime();
+            this.totalRejections += existingStats.totalRejections;
         }
     }
 
@@ -241,18 +260,26 @@ public void writeTo(StreamOutput out) throws IOException {
         out.writeLong(totalRefreshBytesLag);
         out.writeLong(totalUploadTime);
         out.writeLong(totalDownloadTime);
+        // TODO: change to V_2_12_0 on main after backport to 2.x
+        if (out.getVersion().onOrAfter(Version.V_3_0_0)) {
+            out.writeVLong(totalRejections);
+        }
     }
 
     @Override
     public XContentBuilder toXContent(XContentBuilder builder, Params params) throws IOException {
         builder.startObject(Fields.REMOTE_STORE);
+
         builder.startObject(Fields.UPLOAD);
         buildUploadStats(builder);
-        builder.endObject();
+        builder.endObject(); // UPLOAD
+
         builder.startObject(Fields.DOWNLOAD);
         buildDownloadStats(builder);
-        builder.endObject();
-        builder.endObject();
+        builder.endObject(); // DOWNLOAD
+
+        builder.endObject(); // REMOTE_STORE
+
         return builder;
     }
 
@@ -261,13 +288,19 @@ private void buildUploadStats(XContentBuilder builder) throws IOException {
         builder.humanReadableField(Fields.STARTED_BYTES, Fields.STARTED, new ByteSizeValue(uploadBytesStarted));
         builder.humanReadableField(Fields.SUCCEEDED_BYTES, Fields.SUCCEEDED, new ByteSizeValue(uploadBytesSucceeded));
         builder.humanReadableField(Fields.FAILED_BYTES, Fields.FAILED, new ByteSizeValue(uploadBytesFailed));
-        builder.endObject();
+        builder.endObject(); // TOTAL_UPLOAD_SIZE
+
         builder.startObject(Fields.REFRESH_SIZE_LAG);
         builder.humanReadableField(Fields.TOTAL_BYTES, Fields.TOTAL, new ByteSizeValue(totalRefreshBytesLag));
         builder.humanReadableField(Fields.MAX_BYTES, Fields.MAX, new ByteSizeValue(maxRefreshBytesLag));
-        builder.endObject();
+        builder.endObject(); // REFRESH_SIZE_LAG
+
         builder.humanReadableField(Fields.MAX_REFRESH_TIME_LAG_IN_MILLIS, Fields.MAX_REFRESH_TIME_LAG, new TimeValue(maxRefreshTimeLag));
         builder.humanReadableField(Fields.TOTAL_TIME_SPENT_IN_MILLIS, Fields.TOTAL_TIME_SPENT, new TimeValue(totalUploadTime));
+
+        builder.startObject(Fields.PRESSURE);
+        builder.field(Fields.TOTAL_REJECTIONS, totalRejections);
+        builder.endObject(); // PRESSURE
     }
 
     private void buildDownloadStats(XContentBuilder builder) throws IOException {
@@ -300,6 +333,8 @@ static final class Fields {
         static final String MAX_BYTES = "max_bytes";
         static final String TOTAL_TIME_SPENT = "total_time_spent";
         static final String TOTAL_TIME_SPENT_IN_MILLIS = "total_time_spent_in_millis";
+        static final String PRESSURE = "pressure";
+        static final String TOTAL_REJECTIONS = "total_rejections";
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -318,7 +353,8 @@ public boolean equals(Object o) {
             && maxRefreshBytesLag == that.maxRefreshBytesLag
             && totalRefreshBytesLag == that.totalRefreshBytesLag
             && totalUploadTime == that.totalUploadTime
-            && totalDownloadTime == that.totalDownloadTime;
+            && totalDownloadTime == that.totalDownloadTime
+            && totalRejections == that.totalRejections;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -334,7 +370,8 @@ public int hashCode() {
             maxRefreshBytesLag,
             totalRefreshBytesLag,
             totalUploadTime,
-            totalDownloadTime
+            totalDownloadTime,
+            totalRejections
         );
     }
 }
diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/index/remote/RemoteSegmentTransferTracker.java b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/index/remote/RemoteSegmentTransferTracker.java
index 05081180bb179..2a703f17aa953 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/index/remote/RemoteSegmentTransferTracker.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/index/remote/RemoteSegmentTransferTracker.java
@@ -267,7 +267,8 @@ public long getRejectionCount() {
         return rejectionCount.get();
     }
 
-    void incrementRejectionCount() {
+    /** public only for testing **/
+    public void incrementRejectionCount() {
         rejectionCount.incrementAndGet();
     }
 
diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/rest/action/search/RestSearchAction.java b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/rest/action/search/RestSearchAction.java
index ebfd082d974fd..080366e536da1 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/rest/action/search/RestSearchAction.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/rest/action/search/RestSearchAction.java
@@ -180,6 +180,12 @@ public static void parseSearchRequest(
             searchRequest.allowPartialSearchResults(request.paramAsBoolean("allow_partial_search_results", null));
         }
 
+        if (request.hasParam("phase_took")) {
+            // only set if we have the parameter passed to override the cluster-level default
+            // else phaseTook = null
+            searchRequest.setPhaseTook(request.paramAsBoolean("phase_took", true));
+        }
+
         // do not allow 'query_and_fetch' or 'dfs_query_and_fetch' search types
         // from the REST layer. these modes are an internal optimization and should
         // not be specified explicitly by the user.
diff --git a/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/admin/cluster/node/stats/NodeStatsTests.java b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/admin/cluster/node/stats/NodeStatsTests.java
index e3f16463a5328..e0b35c69cc3c0 100644
--- a/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/admin/cluster/node/stats/NodeStatsTests.java
+++ b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/admin/cluster/node/stats/NodeStatsTests.java
@@ -815,6 +815,7 @@ private static NodeIndicesStats getNodeIndicesStats(boolean remoteStoreStats) {
             remoteSegmentStats.setMaxRefreshTimeLag(2L);
             remoteSegmentStats.addTotalUploadTime(20L);
             remoteSegmentStats.addTotalDownloadTime(20L);
+            remoteSegmentStats.addTotalRejections(5L);
 
             RemoteTranslogStats remoteTranslogStats = indicesStats.getTranslog().getRemoteTranslogStats();
             RemoteTranslogStats otherRemoteTranslogStats = new RemoteTranslogStats(getRandomRemoteTranslogTransferTrackerStats());
diff --git a/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/search/AbstractSearchAsyncActionTests.java b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/search/AbstractSearchAsyncActionTests.java
index f628bb3201452..edac50813e191 100644
--- a/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/search/AbstractSearchAsyncActionTests.java
+++ b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/search/AbstractSearchAsyncActionTests.java
@@ -688,7 +688,11 @@ private SearchDfsQueryThenFetchAsyncAction createSearchDfsQueryThenFetchAsyncAct
         );
         AtomicReference<Exception> exception = new AtomicReference<>();
         ActionListener<SearchResponse> listener = ActionListener.wrap(response -> fail("onResponse should not be called"), exception::set);
-
+        TransportSearchAction.SearchTimeProvider timeProvider = new TransportSearchAction.SearchTimeProvider(
+            0,
+            System.nanoTime(),
+            System::nanoTime
+        );
         return new SearchDfsQueryThenFetchAsyncAction(
             logger,
             null,
@@ -702,7 +706,7 @@ private SearchDfsQueryThenFetchAsyncAction createSearchDfsQueryThenFetchAsyncAct
             searchRequest,
             listener,
             shardsIter,
-            null,
+            timeProvider,
             null,
             task,
             SearchResponse.Clusters.EMPTY,
@@ -734,6 +738,11 @@ private SearchQueryThenFetchAsyncAction createSearchQueryThenFetchAsyncAction(
         );
         AtomicReference<Exception> exception = new AtomicReference<>();
         ActionListener<SearchResponse> listener = ActionListener.wrap(response -> fail("onResponse should not be called"), exception::set);
+        TransportSearchAction.SearchTimeProvider timeProvider = new TransportSearchAction.SearchTimeProvider(
+            0,
+            System.nanoTime(),
+            System::nanoTime
+        );
         return new SearchQueryThenFetchAsyncAction(
             logger,
             null,
@@ -747,7 +756,7 @@ private SearchQueryThenFetchAsyncAction createSearchQueryThenFetchAsyncAction(
             searchRequest,
             listener,
             shardsIter,
-            null,
+            timeProvider,
             null,
             task,
             SearchResponse.Clusters.EMPTY,
diff --git a/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchRequestTests.java b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchRequestTests.java
index 25d8c5551880f..cdd0ea863ce37 100644
--- a/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchRequestTests.java
+++ b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchRequestTests.java
@@ -244,6 +244,7 @@ private SearchRequest mutate(SearchRequest searchRequest) {
         );
         mutators.add(() -> mutation.source(randomValueOtherThan(searchRequest.source(), this::createSearchSourceBuilder)));
         mutators.add(() -> mutation.setCcsMinimizeRoundtrips(searchRequest.isCcsMinimizeRoundtrips() == false));
+        mutators.add(() -> mutation.setPhaseTook(searchRequest.isPhaseTook() == false));
         mutators.add(
             () -> mutation.setCancelAfterTimeInterval(
                 searchRequest.getCancelAfterTimeInterval() != null
diff --git a/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchResponseTests.java b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchResponseTests.java
index 097e922147698..c9e59ab4ea04d 100644
--- a/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchResponseTests.java
+++ b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchResponseTests.java
@@ -74,7 +74,9 @@
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.UUID;
 
 import static java.util.Collections.singletonMap;
@@ -152,6 +154,11 @@ public SearchResponse createTestItem(
         Boolean terminatedEarly = randomBoolean() ? null : randomBoolean();
         int numReducePhases = randomIntBetween(1, 10);
         long tookInMillis = randomNonNegativeLong();
+        Map<String, Long> phaseTookMap = new HashMap<>();
+        for (SearchPhaseName searchPhaseName : SearchPhaseName.values()) {
+            phaseTookMap.put(searchPhaseName.getName(), randomNonNegativeLong());
+        }
+        SearchResponse.PhaseTook phaseTook = new SearchResponse.PhaseTook(phaseTookMap);
         int totalShards = randomIntBetween(1, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
         int successfulShards = randomIntBetween(0, totalShards);
         int skippedShards = randomIntBetween(0, totalShards);
@@ -182,6 +189,7 @@ public SearchResponse createTestItem(
             successfulShards,
             skippedShards,
             tookInMillis,
+            phaseTook,
             shardSearchFailures,
             randomBoolean() ? randomClusters() : SearchResponse.Clusters.EMPTY,
             null
@@ -353,6 +361,14 @@ public void testToXContent() {
             assertEquals(1, searchExtBuilders.size());
         }
         {
+            Map<String, Long> phaseTookMap = new HashMap<>();
+            for (SearchPhaseName searchPhaseName : SearchPhaseName.values()) {
+                phaseTookMap.put(searchPhaseName.getName(), 0L);
+            }
+            phaseTookMap.put(SearchPhaseName.QUERY.getName(), 50L);
+            phaseTookMap.put(SearchPhaseName.FETCH.getName(), 25L);
+            phaseTookMap.put(SearchPhaseName.EXPAND.getName(), 30L);
+            SearchResponse.PhaseTook phaseTook = new SearchResponse.PhaseTook(phaseTookMap);
             SearchResponse response = new SearchResponse(
                 new InternalSearchResponse(
                     new SearchHits(hits, new TotalHits(100, TotalHits.Relation.EQUAL_TO), 1.5f),
@@ -368,13 +384,24 @@ public void testToXContent() {
                 0,
                 0,
                 0,
+                phaseTook,
                 ShardSearchFailure.EMPTY_ARRAY,
-                new SearchResponse.Clusters(5, 3, 2)
+                new SearchResponse.Clusters(5, 3, 2),
+                null
             );
             StringBuilder expectedString = new StringBuilder();
             expectedString.append("{");
             {
                 expectedString.append("\"took\":0,");
+                expectedString.append("\"phase_took\":");
+                {
+                    expectedString.append("{\"dfs_pre_query\":0,");
+                    expectedString.append("\"query\":50,");
+                    expectedString.append("\"fetch\":25,");
+                    expectedString.append("\"dfs_query\":0,");
+                    expectedString.append("\"expand\":30,");
+                    expectedString.append("\"can_match\":0},");
+                }
                 expectedString.append("\"timed_out\":false,");
                 expectedString.append("\"_shards\":");
                 {
@@ -477,6 +504,24 @@ public void testToXContentEmptyClusters() throws IOException {
         assertEquals(0, builder.toString().length());
     }
 
+    public void testSearchResponsePhaseTookEquals() throws IOException {
+        SearchResponse.PhaseTook phaseTookA = new SearchResponse.PhaseTook(Map.of("foo", 0L, "bar", 1L));
+        SearchResponse.PhaseTook phaseTookB = new SearchResponse.PhaseTook(Map.of("foo", 1L, "bar", 1L));
+        SearchResponse.PhaseTook phaseTookC = new SearchResponse.PhaseTook(Map.of("foo", 0L));
+        SearchResponse.PhaseTook phaseTookD = new SearchResponse.PhaseTook(Map.of());
+
+        assertNotEquals(phaseTookA, phaseTookB);
+        assertNotEquals(phaseTookB, phaseTookA);
+        assertNotEquals(phaseTookA, phaseTookC);
+        assertNotEquals(phaseTookC, phaseTookA);
+        assertNotEquals(phaseTookA, phaseTookD);
+        assertNotEquals(phaseTookD, phaseTookA);
+        assertEquals(phaseTookA, phaseTookA);
+        assertEquals(phaseTookB, phaseTookB);
+        assertEquals(phaseTookC, phaseTookC);
+        assertEquals(phaseTookD, phaseTookD);
+    }
+
     static class DummySearchExtBuilder extends SearchExtBuilder {
 
         static ParseField DUMMY_FIELD = new ParseField("dummy");
diff --git a/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchTimeProviderTests.java b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchTimeProviderTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..f0f1a43e6c21e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/action/search/SearchTimeProviderTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ *
+ * The OpenSearch Contributors require contributions made to
+ * this file be licensed under the Apache-2.0 license or a
+ * compatible open source license.
+ */
+
+package org.opensearch.action.search;
+
+import org.opensearch.test.OpenSearchTestCase;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.greaterThanOrEqualTo;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+public class SearchTimeProviderTests extends OpenSearchTestCase {
+
+    public void testSearchTimeProviderPhaseFailure() {
+        TransportSearchAction.SearchTimeProvider testTimeProvider = new TransportSearchAction.SearchTimeProvider(0, 0, () -> 0);
+        SearchPhaseContext ctx = mock(SearchPhaseContext.class);
+        SearchPhase mockSearchPhase = mock(SearchPhase.class);
+        when(ctx.getCurrentPhase()).thenReturn(mockSearchPhase);
+
+        for (SearchPhaseName searchPhaseName : SearchPhaseName.values()) {
+            when(mockSearchPhase.getSearchPhaseName()).thenReturn(searchPhaseName);
+            testTimeProvider.onPhaseStart(ctx);
+            assertNull(testTimeProvider.getPhaseTookTime(searchPhaseName));
+            testTimeProvider.onPhaseFailure(ctx);
+            assertNull(testTimeProvider.getPhaseTookTime(searchPhaseName));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testSearchTimeProviderPhaseEnd() {
+        TransportSearchAction.SearchTimeProvider testTimeProvider = new TransportSearchAction.SearchTimeProvider(0, 0, () -> 0);
+
+        SearchPhaseContext ctx = mock(SearchPhaseContext.class);
+        SearchPhase mockSearchPhase = mock(SearchPhase.class);
+        when(ctx.getCurrentPhase()).thenReturn(mockSearchPhase);
+
+        for (SearchPhaseName searchPhaseName : SearchPhaseName.values()) {
+            when(mockSearchPhase.getSearchPhaseName()).thenReturn(searchPhaseName);
+            long tookTimeInMillis = randomIntBetween(1, 100);
+            testTimeProvider.onPhaseStart(ctx);
+            long startTime = System.nanoTime() - TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toNanos(tookTimeInMillis);
+            when(mockSearchPhase.getStartTimeInNanos()).thenReturn(startTime);
+            assertNull(testTimeProvider.getPhaseTookTime(searchPhaseName));
+            testTimeProvider.onPhaseEnd(ctx);
+            assertThat(testTimeProvider.getPhaseTookTime(searchPhaseName), greaterThanOrEqualTo(tookTimeInMillis));
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationEngineTests.java b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationEngineTests.java
index ee25d3789fb13..09484cd1b5840 100644
--- a/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationEngineTests.java
+++ b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationEngineTests.java
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
@@ -591,7 +592,9 @@ public void testCommitOnCloseThrowsException_decRefStore() throws Exception {
         indexOperations(nrtEngine, operations);
         // wipe the nrt directory initially so we can sync with primary.
         cleanAndCopySegmentsFromPrimary(nrtEngine);
-        nrtEngineStore.directory().deleteFile("_0.si");
+        final Optional<String> toDelete = Set.of(nrtEngineStore.directory().listAll()).stream().filter(f -> f.endsWith(".si")).findAny();
+        assertTrue(toDelete.isPresent());
+        nrtEngineStore.directory().deleteFile(toDelete.get());
         assertEquals(2, nrtEngineStore.refCount());
         nrtEngine.close();
         assertEquals(1, nrtEngineStore.refCount());
diff --git a/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/index/shard/IndexShardTests.java b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/index/shard/IndexShardTests.java
index b2eb41828a4df..9ef9bec01cb38 100644
--- a/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/index/shard/IndexShardTests.java
+++ b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/index/shard/IndexShardTests.java
@@ -4910,6 +4910,8 @@ private void populateSampleRemoteSegmentStats(RemoteSegmentTransferTracker track
         tracker.addUploadBytesStarted(30L);
         tracker.addUploadBytesSucceeded(10L);
         tracker.addUploadBytesFailed(10L);
+        tracker.incrementRejectionCount();
+        tracker.incrementRejectionCount();
     }
 
     private void populateSampleRemoteTranslogStats(RemoteTranslogTransferTracker tracker) {
@@ -4943,5 +4945,7 @@ private static void assertRemoteSegmentStats(
         assertEquals(remoteSegmentTransferTracker.getUploadBytesStarted(), remoteSegmentStats.getUploadBytesStarted());
         assertEquals(remoteSegmentTransferTracker.getUploadBytesSucceeded(), remoteSegmentStats.getUploadBytesSucceeded());
         assertEquals(remoteSegmentTransferTracker.getUploadBytesFailed(), remoteSegmentStats.getUploadBytesFailed());
+        assertTrue(remoteSegmentStats.getTotalRejections() > 0);
+        assertEquals(remoteSegmentTransferTracker.getRejectionCount(), remoteSegmentStats.getTotalRejections());
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/framework/src/main/java/org/opensearch/search/RandomSearchRequestGenerator.java b/test/framework/src/main/java/org/opensearch/search/RandomSearchRequestGenerator.java
index b942136e1f1e2..74de1e6d96d93 100644
--- a/test/framework/src/main/java/org/opensearch/search/RandomSearchRequestGenerator.java
+++ b/test/framework/src/main/java/org/opensearch/search/RandomSearchRequestGenerator.java
@@ -131,6 +131,9 @@ public static SearchRequest randomSearchRequest(Supplier<SearchSourceBuilder> ra
         if (randomBoolean()) {
             searchRequest.setCancelAfterTimeInterval(TimeValue.parseTimeValue(randomTimeValue(), null, "cancel_after_time_interval"));
         }
+        if (randomBoolean()) {
+            searchRequest.setPhaseTook(randomBoolean());
+        }
         return searchRequest;
     }