diff --git a/content/papers/1.md b/content/papers/1.md
index 444c26d..27c11a8 100644
--- a/content/papers/1.md
+++ b/content/papers/1.md
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ title: "Navigating the commons: Industry dynamics, resource, and externalities i
 date: 2023-07-15 
 url: /1/
 author: "Yangkeun Yun"
-description: "How does open access affect competition structure and associated inefficiencies in the commons? This study develops a dynamic model and estimates it using data from the American whaling industry."
-summary: "How does open access affect competition structure and associated inefficiencies in the commons? This study develops a dynamic model and estimates it using data from the American whaling industry."
+description: "How does open access shape competition structure and associated inefficiencies in the commons? This study develops a dynamic model and estimates it using data from the American whaling industry."
+summary: "How does open access shape competition structure and associated inefficiencies in the commons? This study develops a dynamic model and estimates it using data from the American whaling industry."
 editPost:
     Text: "In progress"