add implicit named tuple and keyword argument names

- `x` implies `x=x`
- `a.b` implies `b=a.b`

closes #29333

NEWS.md

@@ -11,6 +11,11 @@ New language features
   macros and matrix constructors, which are whitespace sensitive, because expressions like
   `[a ±b]` now get parsed as `[a ±(b)]` instead of `[±(a, b)]`. ([#34200])
 
+* Passing an identifier `x` by itself as a keyword argument or named tuple element
+  is equivalent to `x=x`, implicitly using the name of the variable as the keyword
+  or named tuple field name.
+  Similarly, passing an `a.b` expression uses `b` as the keyword or field name ([#29333]).
+
 Language changes
 ----------------
 

base/namedtuple.jl

@@ -60,6 +60,22 @@ julia> keys = (:a, :b, :c); values = (1, 2, 3);
 julia> (; zip(keys, values)...)
 (a = 1, b = 2, c = 3)
 ```
+
+As in keyword arguments, identifiers and dot expressions imply names:
+
+```jldoctest
+julia> x = 0
+0
+
+julia> t = (; x)
+(x = 0,)
+
+julia> (; t.x)
+(x = 0,)
+```
+
+!!! compat "Julia 1.5"
+    Implicit names from identifiers and dot expressions are available as of Julia 1.5.
 """
 Core.NamedTuple
 

doc/src/manual/functions.md

@@ -614,6 +614,10 @@ One can also pass `key => value` expressions after a semicolon. For example, `pl
 is equivalent to `plot(x, y, width=2)`. This is useful in situations where the keyword name is computed
 at runtime.
 
+When a bare identifier or dot expression occurs after a semicolon, the keyword argument name is
+implied by the identifier or field name. For example `plot(x, y; width)` is equivalent to
+`plot(x, y; width=width)` and `plot(x, y; options.width)` is equivalent to `plot(x, y; width=options.width)`.
+
 The nature of keyword arguments makes it possible to specify the same argument more than once.
 For example, in the call `plot(x, y; options..., width=2)` it is possible that the `options` structure
 also contains a value for `width`. In such a case the rightmost occurrence takes precedence; in

src/ast.scm

@@ -283,6 +283,10 @@
       (cadr e)
       e))
 
+(define (quoted-sym? e)
+  (and (length= e 2) (memq (car e) '(quote inert))
+       (symbol? (cadr e))))
+
 (define (lam:args x) (cadr x))
 (define (lam:vars x) (llist-vars (lam:args x)))
 (define (lam:vinfo x) (caddr x))

src/julia-syntax.scm

@@ -1758,10 +1758,10 @@
                            (syntax-str   "named tuple element"))
   (let* ((names (apply append
                        (map (lambda (x)
-                              (cond #;((symbol? x) (list x))
+                              (cond ((symbol? x) (list x))
                                     ((and (or (assignment? x) (kwarg? x)) (symbol? (cadr x)))
                                      (list (cadr x)))
-                                    #;((and (length= x 3) (eq? (car x) '|.|))
+                                    ((and (length= x 3) (eq? (car x) '|.|))
                                      (list (cadr (caddr x))))
                                     (else '())))
                             lst)))
@@ -1799,18 +1799,17 @@
                        (cons (cadr el) current-names)
                        (cons (caddr el) current-vals)
                        expr))
-#|
                 ((symbol? el)  ;; x  =>  x = x
                  (loop (cdr L)
                        (cons el current-names)
                        (cons el current-vals)
                        expr))
-                ((and (length= el 3) (eq? (car el) '|.|))  ;; a.x  =>  x = a.x
+                ((and (length= el 3) (eq? (car el) '|.|)   ;; a.x  =>  x = a.x
+                      (quoted-sym? (caddr el)))
                  (loop (cdr L)
                        (cons (cadr (caddr el)) current-names)
                        (cons el current-vals)
                        expr))
-|#
                 ((and (length= el 4) (eq? (car el) 'call) (eq? (cadr el) '=>))
                  (loop (cdr L)
                        '()

src/macroexpand.scm

@@ -360,7 +360,11 @@
            ((parameters)
             (cons 'parameters
                   (map (lambda (x)
-                         (resolve-expansion-vars- x env m parent-scope #f))
+                         ;; `x` by itself after ; means `x=x`
+                         (let ((x (if (and (not inarg) (symbol? x))
+                                      `(kw ,x ,x)
+                                      x)))
+                           (resolve-expansion-vars- x env m parent-scope #f)))
                        (cdr e))))
 
            ((= function)

test/keywordargs.jl

@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ kwf1(ones; tens=0, hundreds=0) = ones + 10*tens + 100*hundreds
     @test kwf1(2, tens=6) == 62
     @test kwf1(1, hundreds=2, tens=7) == 271
     @test kwf1(3, tens=7, hundreds=2) == 273
+    let tens = 2, hundreds = 4
+        @test kwf1(8; tens, hundreds) == 428
+        nt = (hundreds = 5,)
+        @test kwf1(7; nt.hundreds) == 507
+    end
 
     @test_throws MethodError kwf1()             # no method, too few args
     @test_throws MethodError kwf1(1, z=0)       # unsupported keyword

test/namedtuple.jl

@@ -288,3 +288,14 @@ end
     @test_throws LoadError include_string(Main, "@NamedTuple{a::Int, b, 3}")
     @test_throws LoadError include_string(Main, "@NamedTuple(a::Int, b)")
 end
+
+# issue #29333, implicit names
+let x = 1, y = 2
+    @test (;y) === (y = 2,)
+    a = (; x, y)
+    @test a === (x=1, y=2)
+    @test (; a.y, a.x) === (y=2, x=1)
+    y = 3
+    @test Meta.lower(Main, Meta.parse("(; a.y, y)")) == Expr(:error, "field name \"y\" repeated in named tuple")
+    @test (; a.y, x) === (y=2, x=1)
+end

test/syntax.jl

@@ -1994,6 +1994,9 @@ end
 @test i0xb23hG() == 2
 @test i0xb23hG(x=10) == 10
 
+accepts__kwarg(;z1) = z1
+@test (@id_for_kwarg let z1 = 41; accepts__kwarg(; z1); end) == 41
+
 @test @eval let
     (z,)->begin
         $(Expr(:inbounds, true))