Add CancelScope.cancelled_caught

Added `CancelScope.cancelled_caught` to match the Trio API. Relevant
Trio documentation
[here](https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference-core.html#trio.CancelScope.cancelled_caught).

Closes #257

.gitignore

@@ -15,3 +15,5 @@ __pycache__
 .cache
 .local
 .pre-commit-config.yaml
+.vscode/
+.python-version

src/anyio/_backends/_asyncio.py

@@ -233,6 +233,7 @@ def __init__(self, deadline: float = math.inf, shield: bool = False):
         self._deadline = deadline
         self._shield = shield
         self._parent_scope: Optional[CancelScope] = None
+        self._cancelled_caught = False
         self._cancel_called = False
         self._active = False
         self._timeout_handle: Optional[asyncio.TimerHandle] = None
@@ -304,6 +305,8 @@ def __exit__(self, exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]], exc_val: Optional[Ba
         if exc_val is not None:
             exceptions = exc_val.exceptions if isinstance(exc_val, ExceptionGroup) else [exc_val]
             if all(isinstance(exc, CancelledError) for exc in exceptions):
+                self._cancelled_caught = not self._parent_cancelled()
+
                 if self._timeout_expired:
                     return True
                 elif not self._cancel_called:
@@ -392,6 +395,10 @@ def deadline(self, value: float) -> None:
         if self._active and not self._cancel_called:
             self._timeout()
 
+    @property
+    def cancelled_caught(self) -> bool:
+        return self._cancelled_caught
+
     @property
     def cancel_called(self) -> bool:
         return self._cancel_called

src/anyio/_backends/_trio.py

@@ -85,6 +85,10 @@ def deadline(self) -> float:
     def deadline(self, value: float) -> None:
         self.__original.deadline = value
 
+    @property
+    def cancelled_caught(self) -> bool:
+        return self.__original.cancelled_caught
+
     @property
     def cancel_called(self) -> bool:
         return self.__original.cancel_called

src/anyio/_core/_tasks.py

@@ -45,6 +45,11 @@ def deadline(self) -> float:
     def deadline(self, value: float) -> None:
         raise NotImplementedError
 
+    @property
+    def cancelled_caught(self) -> bool:
+        """Records whether this scope caught a ``CancelledError``."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
     @property
     def cancel_called(self) -> bool:
         """``True`` if :meth:`cancel` has been called."""

tests/test_taskgroups.py

@@ -395,6 +395,7 @@ async def test_fail_after(delay):
         with fail_after(delay) as scope:
             await sleep(1)
 
+    assert scope.cancelled_caught
     assert scope.cancel_called
 
 
@@ -403,6 +404,7 @@ async def test_fail_after_no_timeout():
         assert scope.deadline == float('inf')
         await sleep(0.1)
 
+    assert not scope.cancelled_caught
     assert not scope.cancel_called
 
 
@@ -429,6 +431,7 @@ async def test_move_on_after(delay):
         result = True
 
     assert not result
+    assert scope.cancelled_caught
     assert scope.cancel_called
 
 
@@ -440,6 +443,7 @@ async def test_move_on_after_no_timeout():
         result = True
 
     assert result
+    assert not scope.cancelled_caught
     assert not scope.cancel_called
 
 
@@ -456,6 +460,8 @@ async def test_nested_move_on_after():
 
     assert not sleep_completed
     assert not inner_scope_completed
+    assert outer_scope.cancelled_caught
+    assert not inner_scope.cancelled_caught
     assert outer_scope.cancel_called
     assert not inner_scope.cancel_called
 
@@ -478,6 +484,8 @@ async def cancel_when_ready():
 
     assert inner_sleep_completed
     assert not outer_sleep_completed
+    assert tg.cancel_scope.cancelled_caught
+    assert not inner_scope.cancelled_caught
     assert tg.cancel_scope.cancel_called
     assert not inner_scope.cancel_called
 
@@ -558,6 +566,7 @@ async def child():
         host_done = True
 
     assert host_done
+    assert not tg.cancel_scope.cancelled_caught
     assert not tg.cancel_scope.cancel_called
 
 
@@ -654,6 +663,7 @@ async def killer(scope):
 
             pytest.fail('Execution should also not reach this point')
 
+    assert scope.cancelled_caught
     assert scope.cancel_called