perf(@angular/cli): enable Node.js compile code cache when available

The Angular CLI will now enable the Node.js compile cache when available
for use. Node.js v22.8 and higher currently provide support for this feature.
The compile cache stores the v8 intermediate forms of JavaScript code for the Angular
CLI itself. This provides a speed up to initialization on subsequent uses the Angular CLI.
The Node.js cache is stored in a temporary directory in a globally accessible
location so that all Node.js instances of a compatible version can share the
cache. The code cache can be disabled if preferred via `NODE_DISABLE_COMPILE_CACHE=1`.

Based on initial profiling, this change provides an ~6% production build time
improvement for a newly generated project once the cache is available.

```
Benchmark 1: NODE_DISABLE_COMPILE_CACHE=1 node ./node_modules/.bin/ng build
  Time (mean ± σ):      2.617 s ±  0.016 s    [User: 3.795 s, System: 1.284 s]
  Range (min … max):    2.597 s …  2.640 s    10 runs

Benchmark 2: node ./node_modules/.bin/ng build
  Time (mean ± σ):      2.475 s ±  0.017 s    [User: 3.555 s, System: 1.354 s]
  Range (min … max):    2.454 s …  2.510 s    10 runs

Summary
  node ./node_modules/.bin/ng build ran
    1.06 ± 0.01 times faster than NODE_DISABLE_COMPILE_CACHE=1 node ./node_modules/.bin/ng build
```

packages/angular/build/src/tools/angular/compilation/parallel-compilation.ts

@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ import type { CompilerOptions } from '@angular/compiler-cli';
 import type { PartialMessage } from 'esbuild';
 import { createRequire } from 'node:module';
 import { MessageChannel } from 'node:worker_threads';
-import Piscina from 'piscina';
 import type { SourceFile } from 'typescript';
+import { WorkerPool } from '../../../utils/worker-pool';
 import type { AngularHostOptions } from '../angular-host';
 import { AngularCompilation, DiagnosticModes, EmitFileResult } from './angular-compilation';
 
@@ -24,23 +24,18 @@ import { AngularCompilation, DiagnosticModes, EmitFileResult } from './angular-c
  * main Node.js CLI process memory settings with large application code sizes.
  */
 export class ParallelCompilation extends AngularCompilation {
-  readonly #worker: Piscina;
+  readonly #worker: WorkerPool;
 
   constructor(readonly jit: boolean) {
     super();
 
     // TODO: Convert to import.meta usage during ESM transition
     const localRequire = createRequire(__filename);
 
-    this.#worker = new Piscina({
-      minThreads: 1,
+    this.#worker = new WorkerPool({
       maxThreads: 1,
       idleTimeout: Infinity,
-      // Web containers do not support transferable objects with receiveOnMessagePort which
-      // is used when the Atomics based wait loop is enable.
-      useAtomics: !process.versions.webcontainer,
       filename: localRequire.resolve('./parallel-worker'),
-      recordTiming: false,
     });
   }
 

packages/angular/build/src/tools/esbuild/i18n-inliner.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  */
 
 import assert from 'node:assert';
-import Piscina from 'piscina';
+import { WorkerPool } from '../../utils/worker-pool';
 import { BuildOutputFile, BuildOutputFileType } from './bundler-context';
 import { createOutputFile } from './utils';
 
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ export interface I18nInlinerOptions {
  * localize function (`$localize`).
  */
 export class I18nInliner {
-  #workerPool: Piscina;
+  #workerPool: WorkerPool;
   readonly #localizeFiles: ReadonlyMap<string, Blob>;
   readonly #unmodifiedFiles: Array<BuildOutputFile>;
   readonly #fileToType = new Map<string, BuildOutputFileType>();
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ export class I18nInliner {
 
     this.#localizeFiles = files;
 
-    this.#workerPool = new Piscina({
+    this.#workerPool = new WorkerPool({
       filename: require.resolve('./i18n-inliner-worker'),
       maxThreads,
       // Extract options to ensure only the named options are serialized and sent to the worker
@@ -97,7 +97,6 @@ export class I18nInliner {
         shouldOptimize: options.shouldOptimize,
         files,
       },
-      recordTiming: false,
     });
   }
 

packages/angular/build/src/tools/esbuild/javascript-transformer.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 import { createHash } from 'node:crypto';
 import { readFile } from 'node:fs/promises';
-import Piscina from 'piscina';
+import { WorkerPool } from '../../utils/worker-pool';
 import { Cache } from './cache';
 
 /**
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ export interface JavaScriptTransformerOptions {
  * and advanced optimizations.
  */
 export class JavaScriptTransformer {
-  #workerPool: Piscina | undefined;
+  #workerPool: WorkerPool | undefined;
   #commonOptions: Required<JavaScriptTransformerOptions>;
   #fileCacheKeyBase: Uint8Array;
 
@@ -54,14 +54,10 @@ export class JavaScriptTransformer {
     this.#fileCacheKeyBase = Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(this.#commonOptions), 'utf-8');
   }
 
-  #ensureWorkerPool(): Piscina {
-    this.#workerPool ??= new Piscina({
+  #ensureWorkerPool(): WorkerPool {
+    this.#workerPool ??= new WorkerPool({
       filename: require.resolve('./javascript-transformer-worker'),
-      minThreads: 1,
       maxThreads: this.maxThreads,
-      // Shutdown idle threads after 1 second of inactivity
-      idleTimeout: 1000,
-      recordTiming: false,
     });
 
     return this.#workerPool;

packages/angular/build/src/tools/sass/sass-service.ts

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 import assert from 'node:assert';
 import { fileURLToPath, pathToFileURL } from 'node:url';
 import { MessageChannel } from 'node:worker_threads';
-import { Piscina } from 'piscina';
 import type {
   CanonicalizeContext,
   CompileResult,
@@ -22,6 +21,7 @@ import type {
   StringOptions,
 } from 'sass';
 import { maxWorkers } from '../../utils/environment-options';
+import { WorkerPool } from '../../utils/worker-pool';
 
 // Polyfill Symbol.dispose if not present
 // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
@@ -84,24 +84,17 @@ interface RenderResponseMessage {
  * the worker which can be up to two times faster than the asynchronous variant.
  */
 export class SassWorkerImplementation {
-  #workerPool: Piscina | undefined;
+  #workerPool: WorkerPool | undefined;
 
   constructor(
     private readonly rebase = false,
     readonly maxThreads = MAX_RENDER_WORKERS,
   ) {}
 
-  #ensureWorkerPool(): Piscina {
-    this.#workerPool ??= new Piscina({
+  #ensureWorkerPool(): WorkerPool {
+    this.#workerPool ??= new WorkerPool({
       filename: require.resolve('./worker'),
-      minThreads: 1,
       maxThreads: this.maxThreads,
-      // Web containers do not support transferable objects with receiveOnMessagePort which
-      // is used when the Atomics based wait loop is enable.
-      useAtomics: !process.versions.webcontainer,
-      // Shutdown idle threads after 1 second of inactivity
-      idleTimeout: 1000,
-      recordTiming: false,
     });
 
     return this.#workerPool;

packages/angular/build/src/typings.d.ts

@@ -17,3 +17,10 @@
 declare module 'esbuild' {
   export * from 'esbuild-wasm';
 }
+
+/**
+ * Augment the Node.js module builtin types to support the v22.8+ compile cache functions
+ */
+declare module 'node:module' {
+  function getCompileCacheDir(): string | undefined;
+}

packages/angular/build/src/utils/server-rendering/prerender.ts

@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@
 import { readFile } from 'node:fs/promises';
 import { extname, join, posix } from 'node:path';
 import { pathToFileURL } from 'node:url';
-import Piscina from 'piscina';
 import { BuildOutputFile, BuildOutputFileType } from '../../tools/esbuild/bundler-context';
 import { BuildOutputAsset } from '../../tools/esbuild/bundler-execution-result';
 import { urlJoin } from '../url';
+import { WorkerPool } from '../worker-pool';
 import type { RenderWorkerData } from './render-worker';
 import type {
   RoutersExtractorWorkerResult,
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ async function renderPages(
     workerExecArgv.push('--enable-source-maps');
   }
 
-  const renderWorker = new Piscina({
+  const renderWorker = new WorkerPool({
     filename: require.resolve('./render-worker'),
     maxThreads: Math.min(allRoutes.size, maxThreads),
     workerData: {
@@ -197,7 +197,6 @@ async function renderPages(
       assetFiles: assetFilesForWorker,
     } as RenderWorkerData,
     execArgv: workerExecArgv,
-    recordTiming: false,
   });
 
   try {
@@ -286,7 +285,7 @@ async function getAllRoutes(
     workerExecArgv.push('--enable-source-maps');
   }
 
-  const renderWorker = new Piscina({
+  const renderWorker = new WorkerPool({
     filename: require.resolve('./routes-extractor-worker'),
     maxThreads: 1,
     workerData: {
@@ -295,7 +294,6 @@ async function getAllRoutes(
       assetFiles: assetFilesForWorker,
     } as RoutesExtractorWorkerData,
     execArgv: workerExecArgv,
-    recordTiming: false,
   });
 
   const errors: string[] = [];

packages/angular/build/src/utils/worker-pool.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright Google LLC All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style license that can be
+ * found in the LICENSE file at https://angular.dev/license
+ */
+
+import { getCompileCacheDir } from 'node:module';
+import { Piscina } from 'piscina';
+
+export type WorkerPoolOptions = ConstructorParameters<typeof Piscina>[0];
+
+export class WorkerPool extends Piscina {
+  constructor(options: WorkerPoolOptions) {
+    const piscinaOptions: WorkerPoolOptions = {
+      minThreads: 1,
+      idleTimeout: 1000,
+      // Web containers do not support transferable objects with receiveOnMessagePort which
+      // is used when the Atomics based wait loop is enable.
+      useAtomics: !process.versions.webcontainer,
+      recordTiming: false,
+      ...options,
+    };
+
+    // Enable compile code caching if enabled for the main process (only exists on Node.js v22.8+).
+    // Skip if running inside Bazel via a RUNFILES environment variable check. The cache does not work
+    // well with Bazel's hermeticity requirements.
+    const compileCacheDirectory = process.env['RUNFILES'] ? undefined : getCompileCacheDir?.();
+    if (compileCacheDirectory) {
+      if (typeof piscinaOptions.env === 'object') {
+        piscinaOptions.env['NODE_COMPILE_CACHE'] = compileCacheDirectory;
+      } else {
+        // Default behavior of `env` option is to copy current process values
+        piscinaOptions.env = {
+          ...process.env,
+          'NODE_COMPILE_CACHE': compileCacheDirectory,
+        };
+      }
+    }
+
+    super(piscinaOptions);
+  }
+}

packages/angular/cli/bin/bootstrap.js

@@ -18,4 +18,16 @@
  * range.
  */
 
-import('../lib/init.js');
+// Enable on-disk code caching if available (Node.js 22.8+)
+// Skip if running inside Bazel via a RUNFILES environment variable check. The cache does not work
+// well with Bazel's hermeticity requirements.
+if (!process.env['RUNFILES']) {
+  try {
+    const { enableCompileCache } = require('node:module');
+
+    enableCompileCache?.();
+  } catch {}
+}
+
+// Initialize the Angular CLI
+void import('../lib/init.js');