[ML] Downloaded and write model parts using multiple streams (elastic…

…#111684)

Uses the range header to split the model download into multiple streams
using a separate thread for each stream

docs/changelog/111684.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+pr: 111684
+summary: Write downloaded model parts async
+area: Machine Learning
+type: enhancement
+issues: []

x-pack/plugin/ml-package-loader/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/ml/packageloader/MachineLearningPackageLoader.java

@@ -15,12 +15,17 @@
 import org.elasticsearch.common.Strings;
 import org.elasticsearch.common.io.stream.NamedWriteableRegistry;
 import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Setting;
+import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;
+import org.elasticsearch.common.util.concurrent.EsExecutors;
 import org.elasticsearch.plugins.ActionPlugin;
 import org.elasticsearch.plugins.Plugin;
 import org.elasticsearch.tasks.Task;
+import org.elasticsearch.threadpool.ExecutorBuilder;
+import org.elasticsearch.threadpool.FixedExecutorBuilder;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.ml.packageloader.action.GetTrainedModelPackageConfigAction;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.ml.packageloader.action.LoadTrainedModelPackageAction;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ml.packageloader.action.ModelDownloadTask;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ml.packageloader.action.ModelImporter;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ml.packageloader.action.TransportGetTrainedModelPackageConfigAction;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ml.packageloader.action.TransportLoadTrainedModelPackage;
 
@@ -44,16 +49,15 @@ public class MachineLearningPackageLoader extends Plugin implements ActionPlugin
         Setting.Property.Dynamic
     );
 
-    // re-using thread pool setup by the ml plugin
-    public static final String UTILITY_THREAD_POOL_NAME = "ml_utility";
-
     // This link will be invalid for serverless, but serverless will never be
     // air-gapped, so this message should never be needed.
     private static final String MODEL_REPOSITORY_DOCUMENTATION_LINK = format(
         "https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/machine-learning/%s/ml-nlp-elser.html#air-gapped-install",
         Build.current().version().replaceFirst("^(\\d+\\.\\d+).*", "$1")
     );
 
+    public static final String MODEL_DOWNLOAD_THREADPOOL_NAME = "model_download";
+
     public MachineLearningPackageLoader() {}
 
     @Override
@@ -81,6 +85,24 @@ public List<NamedWriteableRegistry.Entry> getNamedWriteables() {
         );
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public List<ExecutorBuilder<?>> getExecutorBuilders(Settings settings) {
+        return List.of(modelDownloadExecutor(settings));
+    }
+
+    public static FixedExecutorBuilder modelDownloadExecutor(Settings settings) {
+        // Threadpool with a fixed number of threads for
+        // downloading the model definition files
+        return new FixedExecutorBuilder(
+            settings,
+            MODEL_DOWNLOAD_THREADPOOL_NAME,
+            ModelImporter.NUMBER_OF_STREAMS,
+            -1, // unbounded queue size
+            "xpack.ml.model_download_thread_pool",
+            EsExecutors.TaskTrackingConfig.DO_NOT_TRACK
+        );
+    }
+
     @Override
     public List<BootstrapCheck> getBootstrapChecks() {
         return List.of(new BootstrapCheck() {

x-pack/plugin/ml-package-loader/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/ml/packageloader/action/ModelLoaderUtils.java

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 import org.elasticsearch.common.io.Streams;
 import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.ByteSizeUnit;
 import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.ByteSizeValue;
+import org.elasticsearch.core.Nullable;
 import org.elasticsearch.core.SuppressForbidden;
 import org.elasticsearch.rest.RestStatus;
 import org.elasticsearch.xcontent.XContentParser;
@@ -34,16 +35,20 @@
 import java.security.AccessController;
 import java.security.MessageDigest;
 import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 import static java.net.HttpURLConnection.HTTP_MOVED_PERM;
 import static java.net.HttpURLConnection.HTTP_MOVED_TEMP;
 import static java.net.HttpURLConnection.HTTP_NOT_FOUND;
 import static java.net.HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK;
+import static java.net.HttpURLConnection.HTTP_PARTIAL;
 import static java.net.HttpURLConnection.HTTP_SEE_OTHER;
 
 /**
@@ -61,6 +66,73 @@ final class ModelLoaderUtils {
 
     record VocabularyParts(List<String> vocab, List<String> merges, List<Double> scores) {}
 
+    // Range in bytes
+    record RequestRange(long rangeStart, long rangeEnd, int startPart, int numParts) {
+        public String bytesRange() {
+            return "bytes=" + rangeStart + "-" + rangeEnd;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class HttpStreamChunker {
+
+        record BytesAndPartIndex(BytesArray bytes, int partIndex) {}
+
+        private final InputStream inputStream;
+        private final int chunkSize;
+        private final AtomicLong totalBytesRead = new AtomicLong();
+        private final AtomicInteger currentPart;
+        private final int lastPartNumber;
+
+        HttpStreamChunker(URI uri, RequestRange range, int chunkSize) {
+            var inputStream = getHttpOrHttpsInputStream(uri, range);
+            this.inputStream = inputStream;
+            this.chunkSize = chunkSize;
+            this.lastPartNumber = range.startPart() + range.numParts();
+            this.currentPart = new AtomicInteger(range.startPart());
+        }
+
+        // This ctor exists for testing purposes only.
+        HttpStreamChunker(InputStream inputStream, RequestRange range, int chunkSize) {
+            this.inputStream = inputStream;
+            this.chunkSize = chunkSize;
+            this.lastPartNumber = range.startPart() + range.numParts();
+            this.currentPart = new AtomicInteger(range.startPart());
+        }
+
+        public boolean hasNext() {
+            return currentPart.get() < lastPartNumber;
+        }
+
+        public BytesAndPartIndex next() throws IOException {
+            int bytesRead = 0;
+            byte[] buf = new byte[chunkSize];
+
+            while (bytesRead < chunkSize) {
+                int read = inputStream.read(buf, bytesRead, chunkSize - bytesRead);
+                // EOF??
+                if (read == -1) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                bytesRead += read;
+            }
+
+            if (bytesRead > 0) {
+                totalBytesRead.addAndGet(bytesRead);
+                return new BytesAndPartIndex(new BytesArray(buf, 0, bytesRead), currentPart.getAndIncrement());
+            } else {
+                return new BytesAndPartIndex(BytesArray.EMPTY, currentPart.get());
+            }
+        }
+
+        public long getTotalBytesRead() {
+            return totalBytesRead.get();
+        }
+
+        public int getCurrentPart() {
+            return currentPart.get();
+        }
+    }
+
     static class InputStreamChunker {
 
         private final InputStream inputStream;
@@ -101,21 +173,26 @@ public int getTotalBytesRead() {
         }
     }
 
-    static InputStream getInputStreamFromModelRepository(URI uri) throws IOException {
+    static InputStream getInputStreamFromModelRepository(URI uri) {
         String scheme = uri.getScheme().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
 
         // if you add a scheme here, also add it to the bootstrap check in {@link MachineLearningPackageLoader#validateModelRepository}
         switch (scheme) {
             case "http":
             case "https":
-                return getHttpOrHttpsInputStream(uri);
+                return getHttpOrHttpsInputStream(uri, null);
             case "file":
                 return getFileInputStream(uri);
             default:
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("unsupported scheme");
         }
     }
 
+    static boolean uriIsFile(URI uri) {
+        String scheme = uri.getScheme().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
+        return "file".equals(scheme);
+    }
+
     static VocabularyParts loadVocabulary(URI uri) {
         if (uri.getPath().endsWith(".json")) {
             try (InputStream vocabInputStream = getInputStreamFromModelRepository(uri)) {
@@ -174,7 +251,7 @@ private ModelLoaderUtils() {}
 
     @SuppressWarnings("'java.lang.SecurityManager' is deprecated and marked for removal ")
     @SuppressForbidden(reason = "we need socket connection to download")
-    private static InputStream getHttpOrHttpsInputStream(URI uri) throws IOException {
+    private static InputStream getHttpOrHttpsInputStream(URI uri, @Nullable RequestRange range) {
 
         assert uri.getUserInfo() == null : "URI's with credentials are not supported";
 
@@ -186,18 +263,30 @@ private static InputStream getHttpOrHttpsInputStream(URI uri) throws IOException
         PrivilegedAction<InputStream> privilegedHttpReader = () -> {
             try {
                 HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) uri.toURL().openConnection();
+                if (range != null) {
+                    conn.setRequestProperty("Range", range.bytesRange());
+                }
                 switch (conn.getResponseCode()) {
                     case HTTP_OK:
+                    case HTTP_PARTIAL:
                         return conn.getInputStream();
+
                     case HTTP_MOVED_PERM:
                     case HTTP_MOVED_TEMP:
                     case HTTP_SEE_OTHER:
                         throw new IllegalStateException("redirects aren't supported yet");
                     case HTTP_NOT_FOUND:
                         throw new ResourceNotFoundException("{} not found", uri);
+                    case 416: // Range not satisfiable, for some reason not in the list of constants
+                        throw new IllegalStateException("Invalid request range [" + range.bytesRange() + "]");
                     default:
                         int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
-                        throw new ElasticsearchStatusException("error during downloading {}", RestStatus.fromCode(responseCode), uri);
+                        throw new ElasticsearchStatusException(
+                            "error during downloading {}. Got response code {}",
+                            RestStatus.fromCode(responseCode),
+                            uri,
+                            responseCode
+                        );
                 }
             } catch (IOException e) {
                 throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
@@ -209,7 +298,7 @@ private static InputStream getHttpOrHttpsInputStream(URI uri) throws IOException
 
     @SuppressWarnings("'java.lang.SecurityManager' is deprecated and marked for removal ")
     @SuppressForbidden(reason = "we need load model data from a file")
-    private static InputStream getFileInputStream(URI uri) {
+    static InputStream getFileInputStream(URI uri) {
 
         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
         if (sm != null) {
@@ -232,4 +321,53 @@ private static InputStream getFileInputStream(URI uri) {
         return AccessController.doPrivileged(privilegedFileReader);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Split a stream of size {@code sizeInBytes} into {@code numberOfStreams} +1
+     * ranges aligned on {@code chunkSizeBytes} boundaries. Each range contains a
+     * whole number of chunks.
+     * The first {@code numberOfStreams} ranges will be split evenly (in terms of
+     * number of chunks not the byte size), the final range split
+     * is for the single final chunk and will be no more than {@code chunkSizeBytes}
+     * in size. The separate range for the final chunk is because when streaming and
+     * uploading a large model definition, writing the last part has to handled
+     * as a special case.
+     * @param sizeInBytes The total size of the stream
+     * @param numberOfStreams Divide the bulk of the size into this many streams.
+     * @param chunkSizeBytes The size of each chunk
+     * @return List of {@code numberOfStreams} + 1 ranges.
+     */
+    static List<RequestRange> split(long sizeInBytes, int numberOfStreams, long chunkSizeBytes) {
+        int numberOfChunks = (int) ((sizeInBytes + chunkSizeBytes - 1) / chunkSizeBytes);
+
+        var ranges = new ArrayList<RequestRange>();
+
+        int baseChunksPerStream = numberOfChunks / numberOfStreams;
+        int remainder = numberOfChunks % numberOfStreams;
+        long startOffset = 0;
+        int startChunkIndex = 0;
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfStreams - 1; i++) {
+            int numChunksInStream = (i < remainder) ? baseChunksPerStream + 1 : baseChunksPerStream;
+            long rangeEnd = startOffset + (numChunksInStream * chunkSizeBytes) - 1; // range index is 0 based
+            ranges.add(new RequestRange(startOffset, rangeEnd, startChunkIndex, numChunksInStream));
+            startOffset = rangeEnd + 1; // range is inclusive start and end
+            startChunkIndex += numChunksInStream;
+        }
+
+        // Want the final range request to be a single chunk
+        if (baseChunksPerStream > 1) {
+            int numChunksExcludingFinal = baseChunksPerStream - 1;
+            long rangeEnd = startOffset + (numChunksExcludingFinal * chunkSizeBytes) - 1;
+            ranges.add(new RequestRange(startOffset, rangeEnd, startChunkIndex, numChunksExcludingFinal));
+
+            startOffset = rangeEnd + 1;
+            startChunkIndex += numChunksExcludingFinal;
+        }
+
+        // The final range is a single chunk the end of which should not exceed sizeInBytes
+        long rangeEnd = Math.min(sizeInBytes, startOffset + (baseChunksPerStream * chunkSizeBytes)) - 1;
+        ranges.add(new RequestRange(startOffset, rangeEnd, startChunkIndex, 1));
+
+        return ranges;
+    }
 }

x-pack/plugin/ml-package-loader/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/ml/packageloader/action/TransportGetTrainedModelPackageConfigAction.java

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ protected void masterOperation(Task task, Request request, ClusterState state, A
         String packagedModelId = request.getPackagedModelId();
         logger.debug(() -> format("Fetch package manifest for [%s] from [%s]", packagedModelId, repository));
 
-        threadPool.executor(MachineLearningPackageLoader.UTILITY_THREAD_POOL_NAME).execute(() -> {
+        threadPool.executor(MachineLearningPackageLoader.MODEL_DOWNLOAD_THREADPOOL_NAME).execute(() -> {
             try {
                 URI uri = ModelLoaderUtils.resolvePackageLocation(repository, packagedModelId + ModelLoaderUtils.METADATA_FILE_EXTENSION);
                 InputStream inputStream = ModelLoaderUtils.getInputStreamFromModelRepository(uri);