implement get_column_schema_from_query

[MichelleArk]

resolves #529

Description

Checklist

• I have read the contributing guide and understand what's expected of me
• I have signed the CLA
• I have run this code in development and it appears to resolve the stated issue
• This PR includes tests, or tests are not required/relevant for this PR
• I have opened an issue to add/update docs, or docs changes are not required/relevant for this PR
• I have run changie new to create a changelog entry

satisfying 🎩 of struct types

SELECT 
1 as a,
'abc' as b,
[0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5] AS some_numbers,
STRUCT("Rudisha" AS name, [23.4, 26.3, 26.4, 26.1] AS laps) as some_struct

models:
  - name: test_schema
    config:
      constraints:
        enabled: true
    columns:
      - name: a
        data_type: INT
        tests:
          - is_even
      - name: b
        data_type: STRING
      - name: some_numbers
        data_type: STRING
      - name: some_struct
        data_type: STRING

❯ dbt --select test_schema --project-dir ~/src/jaffle_shop
20:47:39  Running with dbt=1.5.0-a1
20:47:40  Found 6 models, 19 tests, 0 snapshots, 1 analysis, 549 macros, 0 operations, 3 seed files, 0 sources, 1 exposure, 1 metric
20:47:40  
20:47:42  Concurrency: 1 threads (target='dev')
20:47:42  
20:47:42  1 of 1 START sql table model dbt_marky.test_schematest_v2 ...................... [RUN]
20:47:43  1 of 1 ERROR creating sql table model dbt_marky.test_schematest_v2 ............. [ERROR in 1.27s]
20:47:43  
20:47:43  Finished running 1 table model in 0 hours 0 minutes and 2.60 seconds (2.60s).
20:47:43  
20:47:43  Completed with 1 error and 0 warnings:
20:47:43  
20:47:43  Compilation Error in model test_schema (models/test_schema.sql)
20:47:43    Please ensure the name, data_type, order, and number of columns in your `yml` file match the columns in your SQL file.
20:47:43    Schema File Columns: a INT64, b STRING, some_numbers STRING, some_struct STRING
20:47:43    
20:47:43    SQL File Columns: a INT64, b STRING, some_numbers ARRAY<INT64>, some_struct STRUCT<name STRING, laps ARRAY<FLOAT64>> 

fixing some_struct in schema.yml:

      - name: some_struct
        data_type: STRUCT<name STRING, laps ARRAY<FLOAT64>>

❯ dbt run --select test_schema --project-dir ~/src/jaffle_shop
20:48:49  Running with dbt=1.5.0-a1
20:48:50  Found 6 models, 19 tests, 0 snapshots, 1 analysis, 549 macros, 0 operations, 3 seed files, 0 sources, 1 exposure, 1 metric
20:48:50  
20:48:52  Concurrency: 1 threads (target='dev')
20:48:52  
20:48:52  1 of 1 START sql table model dbt_marky.test_schematest_v2 ...................... [RUN]
20:48:55  1 of 1 OK created sql table model dbt_marky.test_schematest_v2 ................. [CREATE TABLE (1.0 rows, 0 processed) in 3.47s]
20:48:55  
20:48:55  Finished running 1 table model in 0 hours 0 minutes and 4.66 seconds (4.66s).
20:48:55  
20:48:55  Completed successfully
20:48:55  
20:48:55  Done. PASS=1 WARN=0 ERROR=0 SKIP=0 TOTAL=1

[github-actions]

Thank you for your pull request! We could not find a changelog entry for this change. For details on how to document a change, see the dbt-bigquery contributing guide.

I have a question on the implementation in dbt-core which would flow through here.