Extended Git and GitHub Exercise: Mastering Git Commands

Objective: This exercise aims to teach students how to manage a Git repository, including using git add, git commit, git restore, git mv, git rm, git clean, git revert, git log, and how to sync with a GitHub repository.

Setup

1. Create a new directory called git-github-exercise and navigate into it:

   • mkdir git-github-exercise
   • cd git-github-exercise

2. Initialize a new Git repository:

   • git init

Part 1: Basic Add and Commit

1. Create a README.md file and write a simple welcome message:

   • echo "# Welcome to My Git Project" > README.md

2. Stage and commit the file:

   • git add README.md
   • git commit -m "Add README.md with welcome message"

Part 2: Updating and Using Git Restore

1. Modify the README.md file by adding a section about the project description:

   • echo "\n## Description" >> README.md
   • echo "This project demonstrates basic Git and GitHub operations." >> README.md

2. Stage and commit the changes:

   • git add README.md
   • git commit -m "Update README.md with project description"

3. Accidentally modify another section:

   • echo "\nAccidental addition" >> README.md

4. Restore the last accidental addition:

   • git restore README.md

Part 3: Advanced File Handling

1. Rename README.md to INTRO.md:

   • git mv README.md INTRO.md
   • git commit -m "Rename README.md to INTRO.md"

2. Accidentally add a temporary file:

   • touch temp.txt
   • git add temp.txt

3. Remove temp.txt from tracking and delete it:

   • git rm temp.txt
   • git commit -m "Remove temporary file"

4. Clean up any untracked files (like if temp.txt was never added):

   • git clean -f

Part 4: Using Git Log and Revert

1. Introduce a new change:

   • echo "\nThis will be reverted soon." >> INTRO.md
   • git add INTRO.md
   • git commit -m "Add line to be reverted"

2. Use git log to view the commit history:

   • git log

3. Revert the last commit:

   • git revert HEAD --no-edit

Part 5: Creating and Using a GitHub Repository

1. Create a new repository on GitHub named git-github-exercise (do not initialize with README, .gitignore, or License).

2. Link your local repository to your GitHub repository:

   • git remote add origin https://github.com/yourusername/git-github-exercise.git
   • Replace yourusername with your actual GitHub username.

3. Push your local repository to GitHub:

   • git push -u origin main

Part 6: Making Additional Changes and Pushing Again

1. Make additional changes to INTRO.md:

   • echo "\nThis project helps to understand pushing to remote repositories." >> INTRO.md
   • git add INTRO.md
   • git commit -m "Update INTRO.md with remote repo info"

2. Push the changes to GitHub:

   • git push