Fix is_connection_dropped with loads of useful contextual comments

httpx/concurrency/asyncio.py

@@ -122,6 +122,20 @@ async def write(
                     raise WriteTimeout() from None
 
     def is_connection_dropped(self) -> bool:
+        # Counter-intuitively, what we really want to know here is whether the socket is
+        # *readable*, i.e. whether it would return immediately with empty bytes if we
+        # called `.recv()` on it, indicating that the other end has closed the socket.
+        # See: https://github.com/encode/httpx/pull/143#issuecomment-515181778
+        #
+        # As it turns out, asyncio checks for readability in the background
+        # (see: https://github.com/encode/httpx/pull/276#discussion_r322000402),
+        # so checking for EOF or readability here would yield the same result.
+        #
+        # At the cost of rigour, we check for EOF instead of readability because asyncio
+        # does not expose any public API to check for readability.
+        # (For a solution that uses private asyncio APIs, see:
+        # https://github.com/encode/httpx/pull/143#issuecomment-515202982)
+
         return self.stream_reader.at_eof()
 
     async def close(self) -> None:

httpx/concurrency/trio.py

@@ -63,12 +63,19 @@ async def read(
                 raise ReadTimeout() from None
 
     def is_connection_dropped(self) -> bool:
+        # Adapted from: https://github.com/encode/httpx/pull/143#issuecomment-515202982
         stream = self.stream
+
         # Peek through any SSLStream wrappers to get the underlying SocketStream.
         while hasattr(stream, "transport_stream"):
             stream = stream.transport_stream
         assert isinstance(stream, trio.SocketStream)
-        return not stream.socket.is_readable()
+
+        # Counter-intuitively, what we really want to know here is whether the socket is
+        # *readable*, i.e. whether it would return immediately with empty bytes if we
+        # called `.recv()` on it, indicating that the other end has closed the socket.
+        # See: https://github.com/encode/httpx/pull/143#issuecomment-515181778
+        return stream.socket.is_readable()
 
     def write_no_block(self, data: bytes) -> None:
         self.write_buffer += data