New relation type for masculine/feminine form

[jmccrae]

For the small number of English words with feminine forms (e.g., 'actress', 'waitress') we should be able to link them to the corresponding masculine form. In the 2021 release 'hero' was linked to 'heroine' was linked by the 'other' relation but this breaks things and is not consistent (the change below removes these links).

[jmccrae]

I have created a working list of potential matches (based on Wiktionary) here:

https://github.com/globalwordnet/english-wordnet/blob/issue-883-working/female-words.csv

As these words are sometimes even in the same synset, I will implement this as a sense-level matching

[fcbond]

Hi, I was thinking we should make the distinction between concepts, where the words don't necessarily match, which should be at the synset level (e.g. King <-> Queen) and those where there is a morphological link (like Prince <-> Princess, Actor <-> Actress). Of course, in many or most cases, there could be both. Can you give an example of male and female forms in the same synset? For consistency, it might be better to try to split them out, ...

…

On Mon, 29 May 2023 at 18:18, John McCrae ***@***.***> wrote: I have created a working list of potential matches (based on Wiktionary <https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Category:en:Female_people&pagefrom=PROTECTRESS%0Aprotectress#mw-pages>) here: https://github.com/globalwordnet/english-wordnet/blob/issue-883-working/female-words.csv As these words are sometimes even in the same synset, I will implement this as a sense-level matching — Reply to this email directly, view it on GitHub <#883 (comment)>, or unsubscribe <https://github.com/notifications/unsubscribe-auth/AAIPZRRHEHT3OWQQTQJ65VLXIRZWTANCNFSM56ZXU5AA> . You are receiving this because you are subscribed to this thread.Message ID: ***@***.***>

-- Francis Bond <https://fcbond.github.io/>

[jmccrae]

Here is a proposed list of changes

Link to gender-neutral entries

In all cases these synsets are already linked by a hypernym link

• actress (09787123-n a female actor) to actor (09784701-n a theatrical performer)
• adulteress (09792353-n a woman adulterer) to adulterer (09792169-n someone who commits adultery or fornication)
• adventuress (09792592-n a woman adventurer) to adventurer (09629201-n a person who enjoys taking risks)
• ambassadress (09807319-n a woman ambassador) to ambassador (09806975-n a diplomat of the highest rank; accredited as representative from one country to another)
• authoress (09843467-n a woman author) to author (10813654-n writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay))
• aviatrix (09846007-n a woman aviator) to aviator (09845606-n someone who operates an aircraft)
• conductress (09972754-n a woman conductor) to conductor (09972531-n the person who collects fares on a public conveyance)
• empress (10073247-n a woman emperor or the wife of an emperor) to emperor (10072812-n the male ruler of an empire)
• foundress (10127787-n a woman founder) to founder (10127072-n a person who founds or establishes some institution)
• giantess (09513887-n a female giant) to giant (09511841-n an imaginary figure of superhuman size and strength; appears in folklore and fairy tales)
• heiress (10188740-n a female heir) to heir (10188177-n a person who is entitled by law or by the terms of a will to inherit the estate of another)
• hostess (10206678-n a woman innkeeper) to host (10206393-n the owner or manager of an inn)
• hostess (10207110-n a woman host) to host (10206749-n a person who invites guests to a social event (such as a party in his or her own home) and who is responsible for them while they are there)
• landlady (10264853-n a landlord who is a woman) to landlord (10264933-n a landowner who leases to others)
• manageress (10309123-n a woman manager) to manager (10034684-n someone who controls resources and expenditures)
• murderess (10358892-n a woman murderer) to murderer (10358420-n a criminal who commits homicide (who performs the unlawful premeditated killing of another human being))
• Muslimah (10361304-n a Muslim woman) to Muslim (09701687-n a believer in or follower of Islam)
• poetess (10466829-n a woman poet) to poet (10463768-n a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry))
• postmistress (10479253-n a woman postmaster) to postmaster (10479141-n the person in charge of a post office)
• prophetess (10503384-n a woman prophet) to prophet (10503115-n an authoritative person who divines the future)
• sculptress (10586321-n a woman sculptor) to sculptor (10585500-n an artist who creates sculptures)
• songstress (10643799-n a woman songster (especially of popular songs)) to songster (10643672-n a person who sings with skill)
• sorceress (10645902-n a woman sorcerer) to sorcerer (10645222-n one who practices magic or sorcery)
• stewardess (10675314-n a woman steward on an airplane) to steward (10675033-n an attendant on an airplane)
• poseuse (10475636-n a woman poseur) to poseur (10475481-n a person who habitually pretends to be something he is not)
• chauffeuse (09928444-n a woman chauffeur) to chauffeur (09928311-n a man paid to drive a privately owned car)

In some cases the 'gender-neutral' term is perhaps not so neutral, it should be considered if we want to introduce specifically male synsets for these terms. Note there are hypernym links here so this represents an existing error in OEWN

• cowgirl (09992952-n a woman cowboy) to cowboy (09992191-n a hired hand who tends cattle and performs other duties on horseback)
• policewoman (10468986-n a woman policeman) to policeman (10468557-n a member of a police force)
• barmaid (09859090-n a female bartender) to barman (09860576-n an employee who mixes and serves alcoholic drinks at a bar)
• airwoman (09846007-n a woman aviator) to airman (09845606-n someone who operates an aircraft)
• horsewoman (10205762-n a woman horseman) to horseman (10205412-n a man skilled in equitation)
• newswoman (10541446-n a female newsperson) to newsman (10541255-n a person who investigates and reports or edits news stories)
• madwoman (10299661-n a woman lunatic) to madman (10296461-n an insane person)
• taskmistress (10711901-n a woman taskmaster) to taskmaster (10711765-n someone who imposes hard or continuous work)
• Scotchwoman (09750074-n a woman who is a Scot) to Scotchman (09749875-n a native or inhabitant of Scotland)
• Scotswoman (09750074-n a woman who is a Scot) to Scotsman (09749875-n a native or inhabitant of Scotland)
• stateswoman (10671950-n a woman statesman) to statesman (10669601-n a man who is a respected leader in national or international affairs)
• oarswoman (10388794-n a woman oarsman) to oarsman (10388619-n someone who rows a boat)
• outdoorswoman (10406453-n a woman who spends time outdoors (e.g., hunting and fishing)) to outdoorsman (10406317-n a person who spends time outdoors (e.g., hunting or fishing))

Link to form in same synset

We should probably introduce a specifically female and male synset for these:

• alumna (09805779-n a person who has received a degree from a school (high school or college or university)) to alumnus
• blonde (09879912-n a person with fair skin and hair) to blond
• chairwoman (10488547-n the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization) to chairman
• Frenchwoman (09727801-n a person of French nationality) to Frenchman
• queen (10254721-n a competitor who holds a preeminent position) to king
• sportswoman (10658320-n someone who engages in sports) to sportsman
• yachtswoman (10821647-n a person who owns or sails a yacht) to yachtsman
• stunt woman (10686285-n a stand-in for movie stars to perform dangerous stunts) to stunt man
• bionic woman (10005508-n a human being whose body has been taken over in whole or in part by electromechanical devices) to bionic man
• bondswoman (09884685-n someone who signs a bond as surety for someone else) to bondsman
• jurywoman (10247948-n someone who serves (or waits to be called to serve) on a jury) to juryman
• freedwoman (10129754-n a person who has been freed from slavery) to freedman
• freewoman (10130792-n a person who is not a serf or a slave) to freeman
• clanswoman (10327942-n a member of a clan) to clansman
• congresswoman (09975260-n a member of the United States House of Representatives) to congressman
• counterwoman (09989248-n someone who attends a counter (as in a diner)) to counterman
• newspaperwoman (09986240-n a journalist employed to provide news stories for newspapers or broadcast media) to newspaperman

Other link (including to masculine entry)

• abbess (09773548-n the superior of a group of nuns) to abbot (09773735-n the superior of an abbey of monks)
• accoucheuse (10334494-n a woman skilled in aiding the delivery of babies) to accoucheur (10389398-n a physician specializing in obstetrics)
• assemblywoman (09833893-n a woman assemblyman) to assemblyman (09833786-n someone who is a member of a legislative assembly)
• bride (09894084-n a woman who has recently been married) to groom (10167455-n a man who has recently been married)
• bride (09894191-n a woman participant in her own marriage ceremony) to groom (10167555-n a man participant in his own marriage ceremony)
• bridesmaid (09894328-n an unmarried woman who attends the bride at a wedding) to groomsman (10167685-n a male attendant of the bridegroom at a wedding)
• bride-to-be (10105739-n a woman who is engaged to be married) to groom-to-be (10105638-n a man who is engaged to be married)
• businesswoman (09902067-n a female businessperson) to businessman (09901459-n a person engaged in commercial or industrial business (especially an owner or executive))
• coiffeuse (09954304-n a woman hairdresser) to coiffeur (09954232-n a man hairdresser)
• councilwoman (09964410-n a woman who is a council member) to councilman (09964156-n a man who is a council member)
• countess (09989932-n female equivalent of a count or earl) to count (09988748-n a nobleman (in various countries) having rank equal to a British earl)
• countrywoman (09990577-n a woman from your own country) to countryman (09990493-n a man from your own country)
• countrywoman (09990803-n a woman who lives in the country and has country ways) to countryman (09990665-n a man who lives in the country and has country ways)
• courtesan (09971872-n a woman who cohabits with an important man) to courtier (09991369-n an attendant at the court of a sovereign)
• duchess (10058134-n the wife of a duke or a woman holding ducal title in her own right) to duke (10058503-n a nobleman (in various countries) of high rank)
• enchantress (10075105-n a female sorcerer or magician) to enchanter (10074893-n a sorcerer or magician)
• forelady (10124752-n a woman who is foreperson of a jury) to foreman (10124256-n a man who is foreperson of a jury)
• forewoman (10124657-n a woman in charge of a group of workers) to foreman (10123978-n a person who exercises control over workers)
• forewoman (10124752-n a woman who is foreperson of a jury) to foreman (10124256-n a man who is foreperson of a jury)
• gentlewoman (10008828-n a woman of refinement) to gentleman (10146810-n a man of refinement)
• girlfriend (10150206-n a girl or young woman with whom a man is romantically involved) to boyfriend (09890770-n a man who is the lover of a man or woman)
• headmistress (10183990-n a woman headmaster) to headmaster (10183826-n presiding officer of a school)
• heroine (10192976-n the main good female character in a work of fiction) to hero (10192757-n (classical mythology) a being of great strength and courage celebrated for bold exploits; often the offspring of a mortal and a god)
• heroine (10192976-n the main good female character in a work of fiction) to hero (05938456-n the principal character in a play or movie or novel or poem)
• heroine (10193081-n a woman possessing heroic qualities or a woman who has performed heroic deeds) to hero (10344679-n a person distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength)
• housemother (10208678-n a woman employed as a chaperon in a residence for young people) to housefather (10207988-n a man in charge of children in an institution)
• kinswoman (10256766-n a female relative) to kinsman (10256643-n a male relative)
• maid of honor (09894328-n an unmarried woman who attends the bride at a wedding) to best man (09870873-n the principal groomsman at a wedding)
• materfamilias (10322243-n a female head of a family or tribe) to paterfamilias (10426510-n the male head of family or tribe)
• matriarch (10322243-n a female head of a family or tribe) to patriarch (10426510-n the male head of family or tribe)
• millionairess (10338265-n a woman millionaire) to millionaire (10549130-n a person whose material wealth is valued at more than a million dollars)
• mistress (10343292-n a woman master who directs the work of others) to master (10318314-n directs the work of others)
• mistress (10579268-n a woman schoolteacher (especially one regarded as strict)) to master (10183826-n presiding officer of a school)
• mother figure (10352757-n a woman who evokes the feelings usually reserved for a mother) to father figure (10101439-n a man who takes over all the functions of the real father)
• noblewoman (10262488-n a woman of the peerage in Britain) to nobleman (10291374-n a titled peer of the realm)
• poster girl (10476780-n a female poster child) to poster boy (10476440-n a male poster child)
• priestess (10491155-n a woman priest) to priest (10490835-n a person who performs religious duties and ceremonies in a non-Christian religion)
• princess (10493649-n a female member of a royal family other than the queen (especially the daughter of a sovereign)) to prince (10492384-n a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign))
• queen (10518940-n a female sovereign ruler) to king (10251212-n a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom)
• queen (10519802-n something personified as a woman who is considered the best or most important of her kind) to king (14459136-n preeminence in a particular category or group or field)
• salesgirl (10567976-n a woman salesperson) to salesman (10568094-n a man salesperson)
• schoolgirl (10579031-n a girl attending school) to schoolboy (10578620-n a boy attending school)
• schoolmistress (10579268-n a woman schoolteacher (especially one regarded as strict)) to schoolmaster (10579424-n any person (or institution) who acts as an educator)
• seamstress (10053137-n someone who makes or mends dresses) to seamster (10709060-n a person whose occupation is making and altering garments)
• sheikha (10607927-n the wife of a sheik) to sheik (10607765-n the leader of an Arab village or family)
• spinster (10655886-n an elderly unmarried woman) to bachelor (09849169-n a man who has never been married)
• spokeswoman (10658132-n a female spokesperson) to spokesman (10657708-n a male spokesperson)
• temptress (10075218-n a woman who is considered to be dangerously seductive) to tempter (10719401-n a person who tempts others)
• washerwoman (10788856-n a working woman who takes in washing) to washerman (10788752-n operates industrial washing machine)
• widow (10799960-n a woman whose husband is dead especially one who has not remarried) to widower (10800182-n a man whose wife is dead especially one who has not remarried)
• yellow woman (80570446-n offensive term for an Asian woman) to yellow man (86740061-n offensive term for an Asian man)
• young lady (10149362-n a young female) to young man (10823891-n a teenager or a young adult male)
• young woman (10149362-n a young female) to young man (10823891-n a teenager or a young adult male)
• gay woman (10274662-n a female homosexual) to gay man (83837368-n a homosexual man)
• Irishwoman (09734699-n a woman who is a native or inhabitant of Ireland) to Irishman (09734561-n a man who is a native or inhabitant of Ireland)
• saleslady (10567976-n a woman salesperson) to salesman (10568094-n a man salesperson)
• saleswoman (10567976-n a woman salesperson) to salesman (10568094-n a man salesperson)
• selectwoman (10596270-n a female elected member of a board of officials who run New England towns) to selectman (10596128-n a male elected member of a board of officials who run New England towns)
• Black woman (84388951-n a woman who is Black) to Black man (84362169-n a man who is Black)
• beggarwoman (09866752-n a woman who is a beggar) to beggarman (09866675-n a man who is a beggar)
• bondswoman (09884568-n a female bound to serve without wages) to bondsman (09884374-n a male bound to serve without wages)
• bondswoman (09884474-n a female slave) to bondsman (09884297-n a male slave)
• bondwoman (09884568-n a female bound to serve without wages) to bondman (09884374-n a male bound to serve without wages)
• bondwoman (09884474-n a female slave) to bondman (09884297-n a male slave)
• old woman (10396720-n a woman who is old) to old man (10395205-n a man who is very old)
• danseuse (09853980-n a female ballet dancer) to danseur (10010944-n a male ballet dancer who is the partner of a ballerina)
• point woman (10468029-n a woman who is the forefront of an important enterprise) to point man (10467731-n someone who is the forefront of an important enterprise)
• unmarried woman (10759169-n a woman who is not married) to unmarried man (09849169-n a man who has never been married)
• frontierswoman (10133018-n a woman who lives on the frontier) to frontiersman (10132841-n a man who lives on the frontier)
• lady (10008828-n a woman of refinement) to gentleman (10146810-n a man of refinement)
• laundrywoman (10788856-n a working woman who takes in washing) to laundryman (10788752-n operates industrial washing machine)
• leading lady (10271114-n actress who plays the leading female role) to leading man (10271214-n actor who plays the leading male role)
• Cornishwoman (09723328-n a woman who is a native or resident of Cornwall) to Cornishman (09723205-n a man who is a native or inhabitant of Cornwall)
• committeewoman (09963909-n a woman who is a member of a committee) to committeeman (09963816-n a man who is a member of committee)
• vestrywoman (10768672-n a woman who is a member of a church vestry) to vestryman (10768557-n a man who is a member of a church vestry)
• voyeuse (92449602-n a chair of the 18th century used at game tables, having a padded top rail on which spectators could lean.) to voyeur (10780994-n a viewer who enjoys seeing the sex acts or sex organs of others)
• white woman (09662109-n a woman who is White) to white man (09661981-n a man who is White)
• widow woman (10799960-n a woman whose husband is dead especially one who has not remarried) to widowman (10800182-n a man whose wife is dead especially one who has not remarried)
• woman (10807146-n an adult female person (as opposed to a man)) to man (10306910-n an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman))
• woman (10808492-n a female person who plays a significant role (wife or mistress or girlfriend) in the life of a particular man) to man (10308177-n a male person who plays a significant role (husband or lover or boyfriend) in the life of a particular woman)
• married woman (10800308-n a married woman; a man's partner in marriage) to married man (10213586-n a married man; a woman's partner in marriage)
• masseuse (10317938-n a female massager) to masseur (10317869-n a male massager)
• Englishwoman (09721229-n a woman who is a native or inhabitant of England) to Englishman (09720999-n a man who is a native or inhabitant of England)
• enlisted woman (10078770-n a female enlisted person in the armed forces) to enlisted man (10078393-n a male enlisted person in the armed forces)

This case also probably needs two more specific senses for 'viscountess'

• viscountess (10775594-n (new synset)) to viscount (10775816-n (in various countries) a son or younger brother or a count)
• viscountess (10775594-n (new synset)) to viscount (10775483-n a British peer who ranks below an earl and above a baron)

Novel masculine terms to be introduced

These terms all have obvious masculine forms that are not currently in OEWN, we should probably introduce these:

• agony uncle - a male newspaper columnist who answers questions and offers advice on personal problems to people who write in (from agony aunt)
• air host - a male steward on an airplane (from air hostess)
• baby papa - the father of at least one of your children (from baby mama)
• charman - a human male employed to do housework (from charwoman)
• coquet - a seductive man who uses his sex appeal to exploit women (from coquette)
• cover boy - a very pretty boy who works as a photographer's model (from cover girl)
• fanboy - A male fan who is obsessive about a particular subject (especially, someone or something in popular entertainment media) (from fangirl)
• first gentleman - the husband of a chief executive (from first lady)
• flower boy - a young boy who carries flowers in a (wedding) procession (from flower girl)
• boy Friday - a male assistant who has a range of duties (from girl Friday)
• golf widower - a husband who is left alone much of the time because his wife is playing golf (from golf widow)
• kept man - an adulterous man; a man who has an ongoing extramarital sexual relationship with a woman (from kept woman)
• needleman - a man who makes or mends dresses (from needlewoman)
• king - the husband or widower of a queen (from queen)
• seductor - a man who seduces (from seductress)
• sempster - a man who makes or mends dresses (from sempstress)
• showboy - a man who dances in a chorus line (from showgirl)
• superdad - an informal term for a father who can combine childcare and full-time employment (from supermom)
• trophy husband - a husband who is an attractive young man; seldom the first husband of an affluent older woman (from trophy wife)
• lollipop man - a man hired to help children cross a road safely near a school (from lollipop lady)
• lollipop man - a man hired to help children cross a road safely near a school (from lollipop woman)
• loose man - a male adulterer (from loose woman)
• cleaning man - a human female employed to do housework (from cleaning lady)
• cleaning man - a human female employed to do housework (from cleaning woman)
• washman - a working woman who takes in washing (from washwoman)
• wonder man - a man who can be a succesful husband and care for his children (from wonder woman)

These are probably not worth introducing and the feminine member can also be removed

• slovenly man - a dirty untidy man (from slovenly woman)
• honest man - a husband who has married a woman with whom he has been living for some time (from honest woman)
• disagreeable man - a man who is an unpleasant person (from disagreeable woman)
• unpleasant man - a man who is an unpleasant person (from unpleasant woman)