test_runner: pass signal on timeout

lib/internal/test_runner/test.js

@@ -413,7 +413,9 @@ class Test extends AsyncResource {
 
       this.pass();
     } catch (err) {
-      if (err?.code === 'ERR_TEST_FAILURE' && kIsNodeError in err) {
+      if (err?.code === 'ERR_TEST_FAILURE' && kIsNodeError in err && err.failureType === kTestTimeoutFailure) {
+        this.cancel(err);
+      } else if (err?.code === 'ERR_TEST_FAILURE' && kIsNodeError in err) {
         this.fail(err);
       } else {
         this.fail(new ERR_TEST_FAILURE(err, kTestCodeFailure));

test/parallel/test-runner-misc.js

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+'use strict';
+const common = require('../common');
+const assert = require('assert');
+const { spawnSync } = require('child_process');
+const { setTimeout } = require('timers/promises');
+
+if (process.argv[2] === 'child') {
+  const test = require('node:test');
+
+  if (process.argv[3] === 'abortSignal') {
+    assert.throws(() => test({ signal: {} }), {
+      code: 'ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE',
+      name: 'TypeError'
+    });
+
+    let testSignal;
+    test({ timeout: 10 }, common.mustCall(async ({ signal }) => {
+      assert.strictEqual(signal.aborted, false);
+      testSignal = signal;
+      await setTimeout(50);
+    })).then(() => {
+      test(() => assert.strictEqual(testSignal.aborted, true));
+    });
+  } else assert.fail('unreachable');
+} else {
+  const child = spawnSync(process.execPath, [__filename, 'child', 'abortSignal']);
+  const stdout = child.stdout.toString();
+  assert.strictEqual(child.status, 1);
+  assert.strictEqual(child.signal, null);
+  assert.match(stdout, /# pass 1/);
+  assert.match(stdout, /# fail 0/);
+  assert.match(stdout, /# cancelled 1/);
+}