partition: global index GA & deprecated tidb_enable_table_partition, tidb_enable_list_partition and tidb_enable_global_index

[hfxsd]

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• v8.3 (TiDB 8.3 versions)
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What is the related PR or file link(s)?

• This PR is translated from:
  • Deprecated tidb_enable_table_partition, tidb_enable_list_partition and tidb_enable_global_index docs#18984
  • partition: global index GA docs#18940
• Other reference link(s): partition: add doc for global index #18217

Do your changes match any of the following descriptions?

• Delete files
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• Might cause conflicts after applied to another branch

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[lilin90]

/lgtm

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[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2024-09-23 09:36:03.426824286 +0000 UTC m=+1472233.167248227: ☑️ agreed by lilin90.