add shallow download network utilities

make types pass

add --shallow-wheels cli arg

add news

rename news

make the metadata test pass on windows

use --shallow-wheels unconditionally and remove the cli arg

download all wheels at the end of the run

add a hack to avoid signal() erroring in a background thread

avoid using shallow wheels for non-remote file paths

add --unstable-feature=shallow_wheels!

news/8448.feature

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Add a set of utilities in ``pip._internal.network.shallow`` for fetching metadata from remote wheel files without downloading the entire file. Link these utilities into the v2 resolver by adding a new ShallowWheelDistribution AbstractDistribution subclass. Expose this behavior via a --unstable-feature=shallow_wheels command-line option to ``pip download``. This produces a marked performance improvement.

src/pip/_internal/cli/cmdoptions.py

@@ -919,7 +919,7 @@ def check_list_path_option(options):
     metavar='feature',
     action='append',
     default=[],
-    choices=['resolver'],
+    choices=['resolver', 'shallow_wheels'],
     help=SUPPRESS_HELP,  # TODO: Enable this when the resolver actually works.
     # help='Enable unstable feature(s) that may be backward incompatible.',
 )  # type: Callable[..., Option]

src/pip/_internal/cli/progress_bars.py

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 from pip._internal.utils.typing import MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING
 
 if MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING:
-    from typing import Any, Dict, List
+    from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
 
 try:
     from pip._vendor import colorama
@@ -24,6 +24,18 @@
     colorama = None
 
 
+def _signal_unless_backgrounded(signum, handler):
+    # type: (int, Any) -> Optional[Any]
+    try:
+        return signal(signum, handler)
+    except ValueError:
+        # FIXME: this otherwise doesn't work when called from a non-main
+        # thread. This therefore fails if we try to download more than one
+        # wheel at once via threading, which calls back to Downloader, which
+        # uses this progress bar.
+        return None
+
+
 def _select_progress_class(preferred, fallback):
     # type: (Bar, Bar) -> Bar
     encoding = getattr(preferred.file, "encoding", None)
@@ -84,7 +96,8 @@ def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
             **kwargs
         )
 
-        self.original_handler = signal(SIGINT, self.handle_sigint)
+        self.original_handler = _signal_unless_backgrounded(
+            SIGINT, self.handle_sigint)
 
         # If signal() returns None, the previous handler was not installed from
         # Python, and we cannot restore it. This probably should not happen,
@@ -103,7 +116,7 @@ def finish(self):
         normally, or gets interrupted.
         """
         super(InterruptibleMixin, self).finish()  # type: ignore
-        signal(SIGINT, self.original_handler)
+        _signal_unless_backgrounded(SIGINT, self.original_handler)
 
     def handle_sigint(self, signum, frame):  # type: ignore
         """

src/pip/_internal/cli/req_command.py

@@ -231,6 +231,7 @@ def make_requirement_preparer(
             finder=finder,
             require_hashes=options.require_hashes,
             use_user_site=use_user_site,
+            use_shallow_wheels=('shallow_wheels' in options.unstable_features),
         )
 
     @staticmethod

src/pip/_internal/commands/download.py

@@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ def run(self, options, args):
         requirement_set = resolver.resolve(
             reqs, check_supported_wheels=True
         )
+        requirement_set.perform_all_final_hydration()
 
         downloaded = ' '.join([req.name  # type: ignore
                                for req in requirement_set.requirements.values()

src/pip/_internal/commands/install.py

@@ -326,6 +326,7 @@ def run(self, options, args):
             requirement_set = resolver.resolve(
                 reqs, check_supported_wheels=not options.target_dir
             )
+            requirement_set.perform_all_final_hydration()
 
             try:
                 pip_req = requirement_set.get_requirement("pip")

src/pip/_internal/commands/wheel.py

@@ -155,6 +155,7 @@ def run(self, options, args):
         requirement_set = resolver.resolve(
             reqs, check_supported_wheels=True
         )
+        requirement_set.perform_all_final_hydration()
 
         reqs_to_build = [
             r for r in requirement_set.requirements.values()

src/pip/_internal/distributions/shallow_wheel.py

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+import os
+
+from pip._vendor.pkg_resources import DistInfoDistribution
+
+from pip._internal.distributions.base import AbstractDistribution
+from pip._internal.network.shallow.httpfile import Context as HttpContext
+from pip._internal.network.shallow.httpfile import Url
+from pip._internal.network.shallow.wheel import Context as WheelContext
+from pip._internal.network.shallow.wheel import (
+    ProjectName,
+    WheelMetadataRequest,
+)
+from pip._internal.network.shallow.zipfile import Context as ZipContext
+from pip._internal.utils.typing import MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING
+from pip._internal.utils.wheel import WheelMetadata
+
+if MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING:
+    from typing import Any
+    from pip._vendor.pkg_resources import Distribution
+    from pip._internal.index.package_finder import PackageFinder
+    from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+    from pip._internal.network.download import Downloader
+    from pip._internal.req import InstallRequirement
+
+
+class DistributionNeedingFinalHydration(DistInfoDistribution):
+    def __init__(self, link, downloader, download_dir, *args, **kwargs):
+        # type: (Link, Downloader, str, Any, Any) -> None
+        super(DistributionNeedingFinalHydration, self).__init__(
+            *args, **kwargs)
+        self.final_link = link
+        self.downloader = downloader
+        self.download_dir = download_dir
+
+    def finally_hydrate(self):
+        # type: () -> None
+        download = self.downloader(self.final_link)
+        output_filename = os.path.join(self.download_dir, download.filename)
+        with open(output_filename, 'wb') as f:
+            for chunk in download.chunks:
+                f.write(chunk)
+
+
+class ShallowWheelDistribution(AbstractDistribution):
+    """Represents a wheel distribution.
+
+    This does not need any preparation as wheels can be directly unpacked.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, req, downloader, download_dir):
+        # type: (InstallRequirement, Downloader, str) -> None
+        super(ShallowWheelDistribution, self).__init__(req)
+        self._downloader = downloader
+        self._download_dir = download_dir
+
+    @property
+    def _wheel_context(self):
+        # type: () -> WheelContext
+        http_ctx = HttpContext(self._downloader.get_session())
+        zip_ctx = ZipContext(http_ctx)
+        wheel_ctx = WheelContext(zip_ctx)
+        return wheel_ctx
+
+    def get_pkg_resources_distribution(self):
+        # type: () -> Distribution
+        """Loads the metadata from the shallow wheel file into memory and
+        returns a Distribution that uses it, not relying on the wheel file or
+        requirement.
+        """
+        # Wheels are never unnamed.
+        assert self.req.name
+        assert self.req.link
+
+        project_name = ProjectName(self.req.name)
+        remote_location = Url(self.req.link.url)
+
+        wheel_req = WheelMetadataRequest(
+            url=remote_location,
+            project_name=project_name,
+        )
+        metadata = (self
+                    ._wheel_context
+                    .extract_wheel_metadata(wheel_req)
+                    .contents)
+
+        wheel_filename = self.req.link.filename
+        wheel_metadata = WheelMetadata({'METADATA': metadata}, wheel_filename)
+
+        return DistributionNeedingFinalHydration(
+            link=self.req.link,
+            downloader=self._downloader,
+            download_dir=self._download_dir,
+            location=wheel_filename,
+            metadata=wheel_metadata,
+            project_name=project_name.name,
+        )
+
+    def prepare_distribution_metadata(self, finder, build_isolation):
+        # type: (PackageFinder, bool) -> None
+        pass

src/pip/_internal/network/download.py

@@ -183,6 +183,10 @@ def __init__(
         self._session = session
         self._progress_bar = progress_bar
 
+    def get_session(self):
+        # type: () -> PipSession
+        return self._session
+
     def __call__(self, link):
         # type: (Link) -> Download
         try:

src/pip/_internal/network/shallow/httpfile.py

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+"""
+Download ranges of files over remote http.
+"""
+
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+from pip._vendor import requests
+
+from pip._internal.utils.typing import MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING
+from pip._internal.utils.urls import get_url_scheme
+
+if MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING:
+    from typing import Any, Optional
+
+
+def url_is_remote(url):
+    # type: (str) -> bool
+    return get_url_scheme(url) in ['http', 'https']
+
+
+class Url(namedtuple('Url', ['url'])):
+
+    def __new__(cls, url):
+        # type: (str) -> Url
+        assert url_is_remote(url)
+        return super(Url, cls).__new__(cls, url)
+
+
+class HttpFileRequest(namedtuple('HttpFileRequest', ['url'])):
+    pass
+
+
+class Size(namedtuple('Size', ['size'])):
+    def __new__(cls, size=0):
+        # type: (int) -> Size
+        assert size >= 0
+        return super(Size, cls).__new__(cls, size)
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        # type: (Any) -> Size
+        assert isinstance(other, type(self))
+        return Size(self.size + other.size)
+
+    def __sub__(self, other):
+        # type: (Any) -> Size
+        assert isinstance(other, type(self))
+        return Size(self.size - other.size)
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        # type: (Any) -> bool
+        assert isinstance(other, type(self))
+        return self.size < other.size
+
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        # type: (Any) -> bool
+        assert isinstance(other, type(self))
+        return self.size <= other.size
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        # type: (Any) -> bool
+        assert isinstance(other, type(self))
+        return self.size > other.size
+
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        # type: (Any) -> bool
+        assert isinstance(other, type(self))
+        return self.size >= other.size
+
+
+class ByteRange(namedtuple('ByteRange', ['start', 'end'])):
+    def __new__(cls, start, end):
+        # type: (Size, Size) -> ByteRange
+        assert end >= start
+        return super(ByteRange, cls).__new__(cls, start, end)
+
+    def as_bytes_range_header(self):
+        # type: () -> str
+        return "bytes={start}-{end}".format(
+            start=self.start.size,
+            # NB: The byte ranges accepted here are inclusive, so remove one
+            # from the end.
+            end=(self.end.size - 1))
+
+    def size_diff(self):
+        # type: () -> Size
+        return self.end - self.start
+
+
+class BytesRangeRequest(namedtuple('BytesRangeRequest', ['start', 'end'])):
+    def __new__(cls, start, end):
+        # type: (Optional[Size], Optional[Size]) -> BytesRangeRequest
+        if (start is not None) and (end is not None):
+            assert end >= start
+        return super(BytesRangeRequest, cls).__new__(cls, start, end)
+
+    def get_byte_range(self, size):
+        # type: (Size) -> ByteRange
+        if self.start is None:
+            start = 0
+        else:
+            assert self.start <= size, "???/start={start},size={size}".format(
+                start=self.start, size=size)
+            start = self.start.size
+
+        if self.end is None:
+            end = size.size
+        else:
+            assert self.end <= size
+            end = self.end.size
+
+        return ByteRange(start=Size(start), end=Size(end))
+
+
+class HttpFile(namedtuple('HttpFile', ['url', 'size'])):
+    pass
+
+
+class Context(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, session=None):
+        # type: (Optional[requests.Session]) -> None
+        self.session = session or requests.Session()
+
+    def head(self, request):
+        # type: (HttpFileRequest) -> HttpFile
+        resp = self.session.head(request.url.url)
+        resp.raise_for_status()
+        assert (
+            "bytes" in resp.headers["Accept-Ranges"]
+        ), "???/bytes was not found in range headers"
+        content_length = int(resp.headers["Content-Length"])
+        return HttpFile(url=request.url, size=Size(content_length))
+
+    def range_request(self, http_file, request):
+        # type: (HttpFile, BytesRangeRequest) -> bytes
+        byte_range = request.get_byte_range(http_file.size)
+        resp = self.session.get(
+            http_file.url.url,
+            headers={"Range": byte_range.as_bytes_range_header()})
+        resp.raise_for_status()
+
+        if Size(len(resp.content)) == http_file.size:
+            # This request for the full URL contents is cached, and we should
+            # return just the requested byte range.
+            start = byte_range.start.size
+            end = byte_range.end.size
+            response_bytes = resp.content[start:end]
+        else:
+            response_bytes = resp.content
+
+        size_diff = byte_range.size_diff()
+        assert (
+            Size(len(response_bytes)) == size_diff
+        ), ("???/response should have been length {}, but got (size {}):\n{!r}"
+            .format(size_diff, len(response_bytes), response_bytes))
+        return response_bytes