GH-104584: Miscellaneous fixes for -Xuops

[brandtbucher]

This fixes all of the tests that fail with the optimizer on.

By file:

• Lib/dis.py: Teach dis how to parse bytecode containing ENTER_EXECUTOR or INSTRUMENTED_* instructions (by parsing the original code string instead and swapping in the adaptive opcodes at the last minute).
  • Fixes test_dis.
• Lib/test/test_capi/test_misc.py and Lib/test_dis.py: Modify the tests' expected behavior when an optimizer is active.
  • Fixes test_dis and test_capi.
• Python/bytecodes.c, Python/generated_cases.c.h, and Python/optimizer.c: Don't run the optimizer on instrumented back-edges.
  • Fixes test_monitoring, test_sys_settrace, and test_trace.
• Python/executor_cases.c.h and Tools/cases_generator/generate_cases.py: Check the eval breaker when interpreting uops to avoid infinite closed loops.
  • Fixes test_gdb and test_os.
• Python/pylifecycle.c: Fix refleak when installing optimizer.
  • Fixes test_embed.

• Issue: Pluggable optimizer API #104584

[gvanrossum]

Thank you!!!!!