[DOC] Normalizers (#8192)

* updating index page with normalisation

Signed-off-by: leanne.laceybyrne@eliatra.com <leanne.laceybyrne@eliatra.com>

* Update _analyzers/index.md

Signed-off-by: Melissa Vagi <vagimeli@amazon.com>

* Update _analyzers/index.md

Signed-off-by: Melissa Vagi <vagimeli@amazon.com>

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Nathan Bower <nbower@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: leanneeliatra <131779422+leanneeliatra@users.noreply.github.com>

---------

Signed-off-by: leanne.laceybyrne@eliatra.com <leanne.laceybyrne@eliatra.com>
Signed-off-by: Melissa Vagi <vagimeli@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: leanneeliatra <131779422+leanneeliatra@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Melissa Vagi <vagimeli@amazon.com>
Co-authored-by: Nathan Bower <nbower@amazon.com>
(cherry picked from commit 53b650f)
Signed-off-by: github-actions[bot] <github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

_analyzers/index.md

@@ -170,6 +170,28 @@ The response provides information about the analyzers for each field:
 }
 ```
 
+## Normalizers
+Tokenization divides text into individual terms, but it does not address variations in token forms. Normalization resolves these issues by converting tokens into a standard format. This ensures that similar terms are matched appropriately, even if they are not identical.
+
+### Normalization techniques
+
+The following normalization techniques can help address variations in token forms:
+1. **Case normalization**: Converts all tokens to lowercase to ensure case-insensitive matching. For example, "Hello" is normalized to "hello".
+
+2. **Stemming**: Reduces words to their root form. For instance, "cars" is stemmed to "car", and "running" is normalized to "run".
+
+3. **Synonym handling:** Treats synonyms as equivalent. For example, "jogging" and "running" can be indexed under a common term, such as "run".
+
+### Normalization
+
+A search for `Hello` will match documents containing `hello` because of case normalization.
+
+A search for `cars` will also match documents containing `car` because of stemming.
+
+A query for `running` can retrieve documents containing `jogging` using synonym handling.
+
+Normalization ensures that searches are not limited to exact term matches, allowing for more relevant results. For instance, a search for `Cars running` can be normalized to match `car run`.
+
 ## Next steps
 
-- Learn more about specifying [index analyzers]({{site.url}}{{site.baseurl}}/analyzers/index-analyzers/) and [search analyzers]({{site.url}}{{site.baseurl}}/analyzers/search-analyzers/).
+- Learn more about specifying [index analyzers]({{site.url}}{{site.baseurl}}/analyzers/index-analyzers/) and [search analyzers]({{site.url}}{{site.baseurl}}/analyzers/search-analyzers/).